A Forgotten Source in the History of Linguistics: Husserl’s Logical Investigations

Öz

In appearance, Husserl’s (1859-1938) writings seem not to have had any influence on linguistic research, nor does what the German philosopher wrote about language seem to be worth a place in the history of linguistics. The purpose of the paper is exactly to contrast this view, by reassessing both the position and the role of Husserl’s early masterpiece — the Logical Investigations — within the history of linguistics. To this end, I will focus mainly on the third (On the theory of wholes and parts) and fourth (The distinction between independent and non-independent meanings). Investigations, paying special attention to Husserl’s mereology and to the idea of a general pure grammar. The paper tries to situate the third and fourth Logical Investigation within the general context of late nineteenth-century and early twentiethcentury linguistics and furthermore attempts to show the historical and theoretical importance of the Logical Investigations for the birth and the development of one of the most important linguistic “schools” of the twentieth century, namely structural linguistics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Edmund Husserl
• Logical Investigations
• History of Linguistics

Dilbilim Tarihinde Unutulmuş Bir Kaynak: Husserl’in Mantıksal Araştırmaları

Öz

Görünüşe göre, Edmund Husserl’in (1859-1938) yazılarının dilbilimsel araştırma üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi olmadığı gibi Alman filozofun dille ilgili yazdıklarının da dilbilim tarihinde yer almaya değmez olduğu görülür. Makalenin amacı, Husserl’in ilk başyapıtının- Mantıksal Araştırmalar / The Logical Investigations -dilbilim tarihi içerisindeki hem konumunu hem de rolünü yeniden değerlendirerek bu görüşü tam olarak karşılaştırmaktır. Bu amaçla ağırlıklı olarak üçüncü (bütün ve parça teorisi) ve dördüncü (bağımsız ve bağımsız olmayan anlamlar arasındaki ayrım) bölümler üzerinde durulacaktır. Araştırmalar, Husserl’in mereolojisine ve genel saf dilbilgisi fikrine özel önem verir. Çalışma, üçüncü ve dördüncü bölümlerde Mantıksal Araştırmaları (The Logical Investigations) geç on dokuzuncu yüzyıl ve erken yirminci yüzyılın genel şartları içinde konumlandırmaya çalışır ve dahası yirminci yüzyılın en önemli dilbilimi “ekoller”inden birinin, yani yapısal dilbilimin, doğuşu ve gelişiminde Mantıksal Araştırmaların tarihsel ve teorik önemini göstermeyi amaçlar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Edmund Husserl
• Mantıksal Araştırmalar
• Dilbilim Tarihi

Kaynakça

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