La conception de l’idéologie dans Sémantique structurale et au-delà

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 33, 0 - 0, 25.12.2018

Nijolé Keršytė

Öz

In the context of the theoretical debates of the 1960s and 70s, the notion of
ideology was confined to the sphere of politics and associated with the idea of
domination and alienation. Assuming a negative meaning, the term was often used
as an accusation: ideology was seen as a pathology that must be cured (Francfort
School, Aron, Arendt). Against this background, the Greimasian semiotic approach
implies that ideology is less of an evil or a deviation than a normal and inevitable
social phenomenon – even more, a basis for any purposeful and value-invested
human action. Although Greimas’s narrative semiotics uses the term in a strictly
metalinguistic sense, its significance transcends grammatical technicalities. It offers what Geertz was looking for – a nonevaluative approach. Leaving aside all
moral, accusatory or pejorative connotations of the term, it makes ideology an
analytical tool.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ideology, myth, imaginary, semiotics, Neo-marxism, criticism of ideology, Greimas, Althusser, Barthes

Kaynakça

• Althusser, L. (1965). Pour Marx. Paris : Maspero.
• Althusser, L. (1976). « Idéologie et appareils idéologiques d’État ». In L. Althusser, Positions (1964-1975) (pp. 67-125). Paris : Les Éditions sociales.
• Aron, R. (1976). Essai sur les libertés. Paris : Calmann-Lévy.
• Barthes, R. (1957). Mythologies. Paris : Seuil.
• Bell, D. (1997). La Fin de l’idéologie. Paris: PUF.
• Dumézil, G. (1995). Mythe et épopée. Paris: Gallimard.
• Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books.
• Greimas, A. J. (1966). Sémantique structurale. Recherche de méthode. Paris: Larousse.
• Greimas, A. J. (1970). Du sens. Paris: Seuil.
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• Greimas, A. J. (2017). Du sens en exil. Chroniques lithuaniennes (trad. de lithuanien L. Perkauskyté). Limoges : Lambert-Lucas.
• Landowski, E. (2007). Le papillon tête-de-Janus. A propos de Sémantique structurale, Actes Sémiotiques. 110. Récupéré de http://epublications.unilim.fr/revues/as/1540.
• Marx, K., Engels, F. (1952). L’idéologie allemande. Paris : Les Éditions sociales.
• Sverdiolas A. (Ed.) (2017). Algirdas Julius Greimas. Asmuo ir idėjos. Vilnius : Baltos lankos.