Araştırma Makalesi

Singular Predication and the Syllogism

Sayı: 61 31 Aralık 2024
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Singular Predication and the Syllogism

Öz

Aristotle’s categorical syllogistic is the first formal deductive system in the history of formal sciences. Most parts or elements of the system are validated by modern (first-order) mathematical logic, but the system is quite limited in scope, as it is incapable of analyzing inferences other than the ‘figure syllogisms’ consisting of a couple of a-e-i-o premises and an a-e-i-o conclusion, containing three ‘moderately’ universal terms – terms that express neither a highest genus nor a lowest species – each of which is common to a different couple of propositions out of the three. Logicians in the following ages dealt with various questions concerning the addition of various (novel) logical forms into this limited system, among which are singular predications, i.e. categorical propositions with a singular term as subject, and the most common choice has been interpreting singular predications as universal predications. This paper tries to take a strictly formal perspective on the system of categorical syllogisms, and argues in detail for a much simpler and fairly effective assimilation or translation scheme for singular predications. The key to the proposed scheme is the preservation of the supposed inferential relation between opposite singular predications, namely contradiction. It is argued that the resulting singularized syllogistic moods, which are also validated by first-order logic (under its standard renderings of a-e-i-o and singular predications), promote in turn the mentioned type of treatment, since they call for the employment of two of the four subaltern moods of the system, disregarded by Aristotle, which are formally there.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Aristotle. Categories and De Interpretatione. Translated by J. L. Ackrill. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1963. google scholar
  2. Aristotle. Prior Analytics: Book I. Translated with an introduction by Gisela Striker. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. google scholar
  3. Barnes, Jonathan. Truth etc.: Six Lectures on Ancient Logic, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. google scholar
  4. Belna, Jean-Pierre. Histoire de la Logique. Paris: Ellipses, 2014. google scholar
  5. Bochenski, Jozef Marie. Ancient Formal Logic. Amsterdam: North-Holland Publishing, 1951. google scholar
  6. Englebretsen, George. “Singular Terms and the Syllogistic”, The New Scholasticism 54, 1 (1980): 68-74. google scholar
  7. Kant, Immanuel. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by Paul Guyer and Allen W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. google scholar
  8. Kapp, Ernst. Greek Foundations of Traditional Logic. New York: Columbia University Press, 1942. google scholar

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Felsefe Tarihi (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2024

Gönderilme Tarihi

20 Ekim 2024

Kabul Tarihi

26 Aralık 2024

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2024 Sayı: 61

Kaynak Göster

APA
Besler, A. (2024). Singular Predication and the Syllogism. Felsefe Arkivi, 61, 84-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1570889
AMA
1.Besler A. Singular Predication and the Syllogism. Felsefe Arkivi. 2024;(61):84-90. doi:10.26650/arcp.1570889
Chicago
Besler, Arman. 2024. “Singular Predication and the Syllogism”. Felsefe Arkivi, sy 61: 84-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1570889.
EndNote
Besler A (01 Aralık 2024) Singular Predication and the Syllogism. Felsefe Arkivi 61 84–90.
IEEE
[1]A. Besler, “Singular Predication and the Syllogism”, Felsefe Arkivi, sy 61, ss. 84–90, Ara. 2024, doi: 10.26650/arcp.1570889.
ISNAD
Besler, Arman. “Singular Predication and the Syllogism”. Felsefe Arkivi. 61 (01 Aralık 2024): 84-90. https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1570889.
JAMA
1.Besler A. Singular Predication and the Syllogism. Felsefe Arkivi. 2024;:84–90.
MLA
Besler, Arman. “Singular Predication and the Syllogism”. Felsefe Arkivi, sy 61, Aralık 2024, ss. 84-90, doi:10.26650/arcp.1570889.
Vancouver
1.Arman Besler. Singular Predication and the Syllogism. Felsefe Arkivi. 01 Aralık 2024;(61):84-90. doi:10.26650/arcp.1570889