Genel Yapay Zeka ve Bilinç İlişkisi Üzerine

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 60, 15 - 23, 30.06.2024

Ferhat Onur

https://doi.org/10.26650/arcp.1417812

Öz

Yapay zekâ araştırmaları doğrudan etkilerini gördüğümüz sayısız uygulamayla birlikte tüm hızıyla sürüyor. Ancak bu araştırmaların nihai amacı hayatımızı kolaylaştıran teknolojiler üretmekten ziyade insanın sahip olduğu türden bir zekâyı, genel yapay zekâyı, hatta daha fazlasını elde etmektir. Yapay zekânın sadece bir satranç ustası olmasını, araç kullanmasını veya asistanlık yapmasını değil, anlamlı iletişim kurabilmesini, yaratıcı fikirler ortaya koyabilmesini, sağduyu sahibi olabilmesini, dünya hakkında düşünebilmesini istiyoruz. Böyle bir zekânın olabilirliği üzerine konuşulduğunda felsefi problemler baş gösteriyor. Bunlardan öne çıkanı yapay zekânın insanlar gibi gerçek bir zekâya sahip olup olmadığını nasıl bilebileceğimiz ile ilgili epistemolojik problemdir. Bu noktada zekânın belirtisini sergilenen davranışlarda arayan davranışçı yaklaşım haklı görülebilir ancak bunun bir koşulu vardır: Yapay zekâ bizi kendisinin gerçekten de genel bir zekâya sahip olduğuna ikna etmelidir. Bilincin bu ikna girişiminde bir rol oynuyor olabilmesi yapay zekâ ve bilincin sanılandan daha güçlü bir şekilde birbirine bağlı olduğunu imleyecektir. Daha otonom bir varlık/birey olma hedefinde yapay zekânın yolu bilincin varlığı ile kesişiyor olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bilinç, genel yapay zeka, Turing testi, davranışçılık, savavarımlı çıkarım

On the Relationship Between General Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness

Öz

Artificial intelligence research continues at full speed with countless applications where its effects can be directly observed. However, the ultimate goal of these efforts is not just to produce technologies that make our lives easier but also to achieve the kind of intelligence that humans possess—namely, artificial general intelligence and beyond. We want AI to not only be a chess master, drive a car, or serve as an assistant but also to engage in meaningful communication, come up with creative ideas, have common sense, and think about the world. When discussing the possibility of such intelligence., philosophical problems arise. Prominent among these is the epistemological problem of how we can know whether AI has real intelligence like humans. At this point, the behaviorist approach, which seeks signs of intelligence in exhibited behaviours, may be justified; however, there is a catch. AI must convince us that it indeed possesses general intelligence. The fact that consciousness could play a role in this attempt at persuasion would imply that AI and consciousness are more strongly interconnected than previously thought. In the goal of becoming more autonomous beings/individuals, the path of AI may intersect with the existence of consciousness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Consciousness, general artificial intelligence, Turing test, behaviourism, abductive reasoning

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