-

Öz

Independently audited financial statements are essential to financial statement users. Since the reliability of financial statements improve through audit, it is expected that financial statement users, satisfying their needs for information by using financial statements, make more effective and efficient decisions by using audited financial statements. The reliability of information disclosed in financial statements is related to audit quality. Auditor’s independence is one of the factors that affect audit quality. Auditor rotation at the audit firm level or audit partner level is regulated by audit regulators in various countries to enhance auditor independence and audit quality especially after accounting scandals in the United States at the beginning of the millennium. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of mandatory auditor rotation on audit quality by conducting literature research. This study extends the literature by analyzing costs and benefits of mandatory auditor rotation in the context of its effects on audit quality

Anahtar Kelimeler

• -

ZORUNLU DENETÇİ ROTASYONUNUN DENETİM KALİTESİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİ: LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIRMASI

Öz

İşletmelerin hazırladıkları finansal tablolar setinin bağımsız denetimden geçmiş olması bu bilgiyi kullanacak olanlar için önem arz etmektedir. Denetim sayesinde söz konusu finansal tabloların güvenilirliği artarken bu bilgileri kullanarak bilgi ihtiyacını karşılayan finansal tablo kullanıcılarının daha etkin ve verimli kararlar vermeleri beklenmektedir. Finansal tablolar setiyle üretilen bilginin güvenilirlik düzeyi denetimin kalitesiyle ilişkilidir. Denetim kalitesini etkileyen faktörler arasında denetçinin bağımsızlığı da yer almaktadır. Özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde 2000’li yılların başlarında yaşanan muhasebe skandalları sonrasında çeşitli ülkelerdeki konuyla ilgili düzenleyici kurumlar, denetçinin bağımsızlığını ve denetim kalitesini artırmak için denetçi rotasyonunu, denetim firması düzeyinde veya sorumlu ortak baş denetçi düzeyinde zorunlu olarak uygulamaya koymuşlardır. Bu çalışmada, zorunlu denetçi rotasyonunun denetim kalitesi üzerindeki etkisi literatür araştırmasına dayanılarak incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda zorunlu denetçi rotasyonunun faydaları ve maliyetleri, denetim kalitesi üzerindeki etkileri açısından analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Denetim, Zorunlu Denetçi Rotasyonu, Denetim Kalitesi

Kaynakça

1. ALTINTAŞ, Taylan, 2007, “Halka Açık Şirketlerin Bağımsız Denetiminin Kalitesinin
2. Algılanmasına İlişkin Bir Araştırma”, Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü. ANIS, Ahmed, 2014, “Auditors’ Perceptions of Audit Firm Rotation Impact on Audit
3. Quality in Egypt”, Accounting & Taxation, Vol:6, No:1 s:105-120. ARSLAN, Erdoğan, 2010, “Bağımsız Denetimde Rotasyon Karmaşası”, Mali Çözüm Dergisi, Sayı:99, s:201-227.
4. Australian National Centre for Audit and Assurance Research (ANCAAR), Audit Quality ResearchReport, (Erişim Tarihi: 5 Eylül 2014), http://rsabis.anu.edu.au/research- centres/ancaar, Ocak 2014.
5. Avrupa Komisyonu, Regulation (EU) No 537/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on specific requirements regarding statutory audit of public-interest entities and repealing Commission Decision 2005/909/EC, OJ L158/77- 112, 27 Mayıs 2014, Brüksel.
6. BALSAM, Steven, KRISHNAN, Jagan, YANG, Joon, 2003, “Auditor Industry
7. Specialization and Earnings Quality”, Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, Vol:22, No:2, s:71-97. BALSARI, Çağnur. K., VARAN Seçil, 2014, “Kaliteli Finansal Raporlamada Denetimin
8. Rolü ile İlgili Tartışmalar”, Mali Çözüm Dergisi, Sayı:124, s:69-90. BANDYOPADHYAY, Sati P., CHEN, Changling, YU, Yingmin, 2013, “Mandatory Audit

9. Partner Rotation, Audit Market Concentration, and Audit Quality: Evidence from China”, Advances in Accounting, Incorporating Advances in International Accounting, Vol:30, s:18- Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurulu (BDDK), “Bankalarda Bağımsız Denetim Gerçekleştirecek Yönetmelik”, Resmi Gazete, Tarih:1/11/2006, No:26333. Kuruluşların Yetkilendirilmesi ve Faaliyetleri Hakkında
10. Bankacılık Düzenleme ve Denetleme Kurulu (BDDK), “Bankalarda Bağımsız Denetim Gerçekleştirecek Yönetmelikte Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Yönetmelik”, Resmi Gazete, Tarih:26/7/2011, No:28006. Kuruluşların Yetkilendirilmesi ve Faaliyetleri Hakkında
11. BAOTHAM, Sumintorn, USSAHAWANITCHAKIT, Phapruke, 2009, “Audit
12. Independence, Quality, and Credibility: Effects on Reputation and Sustainable Success of CPAs in Thailand”, International Journal of Business Research, Vol:9, No:1, s:1-25
13. BLOUIN, Jennifer, GREIN, Barbara M., ROUNTREE, Brian R., 2007, “An Analysis of
14. Forced Auditor Change: The Case of Former Arthur Andersen Clients”, The Accounting Review, Vol:82, No:3, s:621-650. CAMERAN, Mara, PRENCIPE, Annalisa, TROMBETTA, Marco, 2012, “Mandatory Audit
15. Firm Rotation and Audit Quality: Evidence from the Italian Setting”, Working Paper, Università Bocconi Milan, IE Business School. CAREY, Peter, SIMNETT, Roger, 2006, “Audit Partner Tenure and Audit Quality”, The Accounting Review, Vol:81, No:3, s:653-676.
16. CHI, Wuchun, HUANG, Huichi, LIAO, Yichun, XIE, Hong, 2009, “Mandatory Audit
17. Partner Rotation, Audit Quality, and Market Perception: Evidence from Taiwan”, Contemporary Accounting Research, Vol:26, No:2, s:359-391. Corporate Accountability Research Group, U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Corporate Rights and Responsibilities, 17 Haziran 1976.
18. DANIELS, Bobbie W., BOOKER, Quinton, 2011, “The Effects of Audit Firm Rotation on
19. Perceived Auditor Independence and Audit Quality”, Research in Accounting Regulation, Vol:23, No:1, s:78-82. DAUGHERTY, Brian E., DICKINS Denise, HATFIELD, Richard C., HIGGS, Julia L., 2012, “An Examination of Partner Perceptions of Partner Rotation: Direct and Indirect
20. Consequences to Audit Quality”, Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, Vol:31, No:1, s: 97-114. DEANGELO, Linda E., 1981, “Auditor Independence, Lowballing and Disclosure
21. Regulation”, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol:3, s:113-127. EWELT, Knauer C., GOLD, Anna, POTT, Christiane, 2012, “What Do We Know About
22. Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation?”, Institute of Chartered Accountants in Scotland (ICAS). FIRTH, Michael, RUI, Oliver M., WU, Xi, 2012, “How Do Various Forms of Auditor
23. Rotation Affect Audit Quality? Evidence from China”, The International Journal of Accounting, Vol:47, No:1, s:109-138. FRANCIS, Jere R., MICHAS, Paul N., SEAVEY, Scott, 2011, “Does Audit Market
24. Concentration Harm the Quality of Audited Earnings? Evidence from Audit Markets in 42 Countries”, Contemporary Accounting Research, Vol:30, No:1, s:325-355. GATES, Sandra K., LOWE, Jordan D., RECKERS, Philip M., 2006, “Restoring Public
25. Confidence in Capital Markets through Auditor Rotation”, Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol:22, No:1, s:5-17. GEIGER, Marshall A., RAGHUNANDAN, Kannan, 2002, “Auditor Tenure and Audit
26. Reporting Failures”, Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, Vol:21, No:1, s:67-78. GHOSH, Al, MOON, Doocheol, 2005, “Auditor Tenure and Perceptions of Audit Quality”,
27. The Accounting Review, Vol:80, No:2, s:585-612. GOLD, Anna, LINDSCHELD, Friederike, POTT, Christiane WATRIN, Christop, 2012,
28. “The Effect of Engagement and Review Partner Tenure and Rotation on Audit Quality: Evidence from Germany”, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1631947, (Erişim Tarihi: 4 Eylül 2014), s:1-49.
29. Government Accountability Office (GAO), Public Accounting Firms: Required Study on Potential Effects of Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation, US General Accounting Office, Washington, DC. November, 2003.
30. GÜREDİN, Ersin, 2010, Denetim ve Güvence Hizmetleri, 13.bs., İstanbul, Türkmen Kitabevi.
31. HOYLE, Joe, 1978, “Mandatory Auditor Rotation: The Arguments and an
32. Alternative”, Journal of Accountancy, Vol:145, No:5, s:69-78. IAASB, A Framework for Audit Quality: Key Elements that Create an Environment for Audit Quality, 2014.
33. IESBA, Handbook of the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, New York, United States, http://www.ifac.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/2013-IESBA-Handbook.pdf,
34. (Erişim Tarihi: 12 Eylül 2014), 2013.
35. IMHOFF, Eugene A., 2003, “Accounting Quality, Auditing, and Corporate Governance”,
36. Accounting Horizons, Vol:17, s:117-128. International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 200: Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor and the Conduct of an Audit in Accordance with International Standards on Auditing, IFAC, December 2009.
37. International Standard on Auditing (ISA) 220: Quality Control for an Audit of Financial Statements, IFAC, December 2009.
38. International Standard on Quality Control (ISQC) 1: Quality Control for Firms that Perform Audits and Reviews of Financial Statements, and Other Assurance and Related Services Engagements, IFAC, December 2009.
39. JACKSON, Andrew B., MOLDRICH, Michael, ROEBUCK, Peter, 2008, “Mandatory
40. Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality”, Managerial Auditing Journal, Vol:23, No:5, s:420-437. JENKINS, David S., VERMEER, Thomas, 2013, “Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality:
41. Evidence from Academic Research”, Accounting Research Journal, Vol:26, No:1, s:75-84. Kamu Gözetimi, Muhasebe ve Denetim Standartları Kurumu (KGK), “Bağımsız Denetim Yönetmeliği”, Resmi Gazete, Tarih:26/12/2012, No:28509.
42. KNECHEL, Robert W., KRISHNAN, Gopal V., PEVZNER, Mikhail, SHEFCHIK, Lori B., VELURY, Uma K., 2012, “Audit Quality: Insights from the Academic Literature”,
43. Auditing:A Journal of Practice&Theory, Vol:32, No Supplement:1, s:385-421. KRISHNAMURTHY, Srinivasan, ZHOU, Jian, ZHOU, Nan, 2006, “Auditor Reputation,
44. Auditor Independence, and the StockǦMarket Impact of Andersen's Indictment on Its Client Firms”, Contemporary Accounting Research, Vol:23, No:2, s:465-490. KWON, Soo Y., LIM, Young D., SIMNETT, Roger, 2010, “Mandatory Audit Firm
45. Rotation and Audit Quality: Evidence from the Korean Audit Market”, Unpublished paper, Korea University, s:1-61. LENNOX, Clive S., WU, Xi, ZHANG, Tianyu, 2014, “Does Mandatory Rotation of Audit
46. Partners Improve Audit Quality?”, The Accounting Review, Vol:89, No:5, s:1775-1803.
47. LI, Xu, XU, Haoran, ZHANG, Min, 2013, “Mandatory Audit Partner Rotation and Audit
48. Quality: Effect of Personal Relationships between Audit Partners”, Working Paper, Renmin University, s:1-35. MAUTZ, Robert K., SHARAF, Hussein A., 1961, The Philosophy of Auditing, Sarasota,
49. FL: American Accounting Association. MONROE, Gary, HOSSAIN, Sarowar, 2013, “Does Audit Quality Improve After the Implementation of Mandatory Audit Partner Rotation?”, Accounting and Management
50. Information Systems, Vol:12, No:2, s:263-279. MYERS, James N., MYERS, Linda A., OMER, Thomas C., 2003, “Exploring the Term of the Auditor-Client Relationship and the Quality of Earnings: A case for Mandatory Auditor
51. Rotation?”, The Accounting Review, Vol:78, No:3, s:779-799. NAGY, Albert L., 2005, “Mandatory Audit Firm Turnover, Financial Reporting Quality, and Client Bargaining Power: The Case of Arthur Andersen”, Accounting Horizons, Vol:19, No:2, s:51-68.
52. PIKE, Joel E., 2003, “Studies on Audit Quality”, Working Paper, University of Wisconsin- Madison.
53. PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), Mandatory Rotation of Audit Firms: Why Other Changes Would be Better for Investors, http://www.pwc.com/en_US/us/point-of- view/assets/mandatory-audit-firm-rotation.pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 13 Eylül 2014), 2012.
54. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Concept Release on Auditor Independence and Audit Firm Rotation, Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Release No. 2011-006, August 2011.
55. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), Audit Quality Indicators, http://pcaobus.org/news/events/documents/05152013_sagmeeting/audit_quality_indicators. pdf, (Erişim Tarihi: 2 Eylül 2014), May 15-16, 2013.
56. Quality Control (QC) Section 10: A Firm’s System of Quality Control, AICPA, Statements on Quality Control Standards, January 2012.
57. RAIBORN, Cecily, SCHORG, Chandra A., MASSOUD, Morcos, 2006, “Should Auditor
58. Rotation be Mandatory?”, Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance, Vol:17, No:4, s:37- RICHARD, Chrystelle, 2006, “Why an Auditor can't be Competent and Independent: A
59. French Case Study”, European Accounting Review, Vol:15, No:2, s:153-179. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (SPK), Seri: X, No: 22 "Sermaye Piyasasında Bağımsız Denetim Standartları Hakkında Tebliğ", Resmi Gazete, Tarih: 26/6/2006, No:26196.
60. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (SPK), Seri: X, No:25 "Sermaye Piyasasında Bağımsız Denetim Standartları Hakkında Tebliğde Değişiklik Yapılamasına Dair Tebliğ", Resmi Gazete, Tarih:25/10/2009, No:27387.
61. Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (SPK), Seri: X, No:27 "Sermaye Piyasasında Bağımsız Denetim Standartları Hakkında Tebliğde Değişiklik Yapılamasına Dair Tebliğ", Resmi Gazete, Tarih:26/3/2011, No:27886.
62. SIREGAR, Sylvia V., AMARULLAH, Fitriany, WIBOWA, Arie, ANGGRAITA, Viska, 2012, “Audit Tenure, Auditor Rotation, and Audit Quality: The Case of Indonesia”, Asian
63. Journal of Business and Accounting, Vol:5, No:1, s:55-74. SWEENEY, Amy P., 1994, “Debt-Covenant Violations and Managers' Accounting
64. Responses”, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol:17, No:3, s:281-308. TÜREL, Ahmet, ÇİFTÇİ, Havva N., 2014, “Audit Tenure and Audit Quality”, American
65. Accounting Association Annual Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, 2-6 Ağustos 2014.
66. Türk Dil Kurumu, www.tdk.gov.tr, (Erişim Tarihi: 10 Eylül 2014).
67. Türk Ticaret Kanunu ile Türk Ticaret Kanununun Yürürlüğü ve Uygulama Şekli Hakkında Kanunda Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kanun, Kanun No: 6335, Resmi Gazete, Tarih:30/6/2012, No:28339.