Türkiye’de Kirlilik Yaratan Sektörlerin Dış Ticaretinin Analizi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı kirlilik yaratan sektörlerin dış ticaretini kirlilik sığınağı hipotezi kapsamında doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ekonomik büyüme gibi değişkenler kullanarak test etmek ve Türkiye örneğinden yola çıkarak diğer gelişmekte olan ülkeler için politika önerileri sunmaktır. Bu çalışma, çok değişkenli regresyon modeli ile 1985-2017 dönemlerine ait yıllık verileri analiz edilerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan ampirik testler sonucunda Türkiye’nin incelenen dönemler içinde kirlilik üreten sektörlerde, çevresel düzenlemelerin çok sıkı olmamasından dolayı daha cazip bulunduğu ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar aracılığıyla bu sektörlerde daha fazla ihracat yapar hale geldiği görülmektedir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre Türkiye’nin, ilgili dönem için kirlilik sığınağı şeklinde nitelendirilebileceği ortaya konmuş olup, bu kapsamda çeşitli politika önerileri geliştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kirlilik sığınakları hipotezi
• Kirlilik hale hipotezi
• Uluslararası ticaret
• Doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar
• Ekolojik ayakizi

The International Trade Analysis of Turkey’s Polluting Industries

Öz

The aim of this study is to test the international trade of Turkey’s polluting sectors using variables such as foreign direct investments and economic growth within the scope of the pollution haven hypothesis and to present policy recommendations for other developing countries. This study analyzes the annual data for the 1985-2017 period by using the multivariate regression model. As a result of the empirical tests, it is seen that Turkey is more attractive in the polluting sectors because environmental regulations are not very strict during the examined periods, and it has become more likely to export in these sectors through foreign direct investments. According to the analysis results, it has been revealed that Turkey can be qualified as a pollution shelter for the relevant period, and various policy recommendations have been developed in this context.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pollution haven hypothesis
• Pollution halo hypothesis
• International trade
• Foreign direct investments
• Ecological footprint

Kaynakça

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