İktisadi Küreselleşmenin ve Finansal Kalkınmanın Türkiye’deki Karbondioksit Emisyonuna Etkisi: Çok Boyutlu İndeksler Yeni Bulgular Sunuyor Mu?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 75 - 100, 04.08.2021

Alper Karasoy

Öz

Bu araştırmada, iktisadi küreselleşmenin ve finansal kalkınmanın Türkiye’deki çevresel etkileri çok boyutlu indeksler üzerinden incelenmiştir. Üç modelin tahmin edildiği bu araştırmada, 1980-2016 dönemi temel alınmış ve yöntem olarak genişletilmiş dağıtılmış gecikmeli otoregresif (genişletilmiş ARDL) sınır testi yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, uzun dönemde, iktisadi ve finansal küreselleşmenin Türkiye’deki karbondioksit emisyonunu etkilemediği fakat ticari küreselleşmenin karbondioksit emisyonunu azalttığı bulunmuştur. İlaveten, kısa dönemde, iktisadi küreselleşme (ticari ve finansal küreselleşme boyutları da dahil olmak üzere) karbondioksit emisyonunu etkilememektedir. Ayrıca finansal kalkınmanın (uzun dönemde veya kısa dönemde) karbondioksit emisyonunu arttırdığı da tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, araştırmada kullanılmış kontrol değişkenlerine (gelir, gelirin karesi, enerji tüketimi, sanayileşme ve kentleşme) ait bulgularla birlikte değerlendirilerek çeşitli politika önerileri ileri sürülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karbondioksit emisyonu, iktisadi küreselleşme indeksi, finansal kalkınma indeksi, Türkiye, genişletilmiş ARDL yaklaşımı

The Impacts of Economic Globalization and Financial Development on Turkey’s Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Do Multi-Dimensional Indices Provide Fresh Evidence?

Öz

This research investigates the environmental impacts of economic globalization and financial development in Turkey by considering multi- dimensional indices. Three models are estimated in this research for the 1980-2016 period by employing the augmented autoregressive distributed lag (augmented ARDL) bounds testing procedure. According to the findings, in the long run (LR), economic and financial globalization do not affect Turkey’s carbon dioxide emissions, whereas trade globalization decreases them. Additionally, in the short-run (SR), economic, trade, and financial globalization do not impact Turkey’s carbon emissions. Moreover, financial development intensifies carbon dioxide emissions either in the LR or in the SR. These results, coupled with the evidence retrieved from control variables (income, income squared, energy consumption, industrialization, and urbanization), are utilized to put forward various policy suggestions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carbon dioxide emissions, economic globalization index, financial development index, Turkey, augmented ARDL approach

Kaynakça

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