Doketik Kristoloji ve Kur’an

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 441 - 471, 30.03.2022

Şinasi Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.26650/iuitd.2022.1028480

Öz

Bu çalışma doketik kristolojiyi ve özellikle İsa Mesih’in çarmıha gerilme hadisesi konusundaki Hıristiyanlığın temel dogmatik inancına doketik yaklaşımı ele almaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma Müslümanlar arasında doketik kristolojiye paralel bir yaklaşım olduğuna dair Hıristiyan yazarların iddialarını tartışmakta ve Kur’an’da bir çeşit doketik yaklaşım olduğu tezini eleştirmektedir. Söz konusu Kur’an ayetlerinde çarmıh hadisesinde, bir başkasının mucizevi şekilde Hz. İsa’ya benzetilerek onun yerine çarmıha gerildiğine dair bir ifadenin bulunmadığı, ancak Yahudiler arasında onu öldürdüklerine ve astıklarına dair sadece zanna dayalı kanaatin tamamıyla yanlış olduğunun ifade edildiği bu çalışmanın ana tezidir. Ayrıca Yahudi geleneğinde Hz. Meryem’e atılan iftira ile Hz. İsa’nın ölümü konusundaki iddianın esas olarak Talmud geleneğine dayandığı da tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışmada, söz konusu ayetlerle ilgili Kur’an’daki klasik tefsir yorumlarının esas olarak israiliyat olarak adlandırılan Hıristiyan ve Yahudi geleneğiyle ilişkili olduğuna dair bir tartışma yürütülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doketik Kristoloji, İsa Mesih, Meryem, Çarmıha Gerilme, Kur’an, Yahudiler

Docetic Christology and the Qur’an

Öz

This study address docetic Christology in general and the docetic approach to the main Christian dogmatic belief on the crucifixion of Jesus Christ in particular. It also discusses the claim of Christian writers that an approach among the Muslims is parallel to docetic Christology and criticizes the thesis that the Qur’an exhibits a form of docetic approach. The main argument of the study is that no discussion on Qur’anic verses state that no individual that miraculously resembles Jesus was crucified. Instead, this study intends to elucidate that the claim of the Jews, who supposedly hanged Jesus, was categorically wrong, because this is the only wrong belief based on a presumption. The study also discussed that the slander on Mary and the claim regarding the death of Jesus in Jewish tradition were mainly based on the tradition of Talmud. Moreover, the study highlights a debate that points out that the exegesis of the classical commentaries on the Qur’an regarding the verses in question is mainly related to the Christian and Jewish traditions or the so-called isrâiliyât.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Docetic Christology, Jesus Christ, Mary, Crucifixion, the Qur’an, Jews

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