MERMER İŞÇİLERİ ÜZERİNE KESİTSEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA: MESLEKİ GÖZ SAĞLIĞI SORUNLARI VE RİSK FAKTÖRLERİ

Öz

Amaç: İş sağlığı ve güvenliği çalışma yaşamının en önemli unsurlarından olup, sağlıklı ve güvenli bir ortamda çalışmak anayasal haklarımızdan birisidir. Mermer ocağında çalışan işçilerin mesleki göz sağlığının değerlendirilmesi de önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, mermer ocağı işçilerinde kornea nebulası, kırılma kusuru, pterjiyum ve benzeri oküler yüzey hastalıklarının prevalansını ve bu hastalıkları etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mermer ocağında yapılan bu kesitsel çalışmaya katılmak isteyen tüm mermer ocağı çalışanları dahil edilmiştir. Yüz yirmi altı işçinin muayeneleri, portatif bir Snellen eşeli, portatif bir biyomikroskop ve fundus muayenesi için Volk 90D kullanılarak geniş, uygun şekilde aydınlatılmış bir odada yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Toplam 126 işçinin 83’ü (%65,9) göz sağlığı açısından yüksek riskli bir ortamda çalışmakta olup, 32’sinde (%25,4) göz hastalığı tespit edilmiştir. On dokuzunda (%15,1) kırılma kusuru, 11’inde (%8,7) pterjium, 2’sinde (%1,6) ambliyopi ve 1’inde (%1,1) kornea nebulası tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Mermer ocağı işçilerinde önemli oranda pterjiyum ve kırılma kusurları tespit edildi. İşyeri hekimlerinin pterjium gibi oküler yüzeyi etkileyen patolojilerin erken teşhisi konusunda eğitim almaları, bu çalışanların bir göz hastalıkları uzmanına erken sevk edilmesi için önemlidir. Çalışanların görme keskinliklerinin belirli aralıklarla ölçülmesi ve kayıt altına alınması ile görme keskinliğinde azalma tespit edilenlerin göz hastalıkları uzmanlarına sevk edilmesi gibi önlemler alınarak ileride oluşabilecek iş kazaları azaltılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İş sağlığı
• pterjiyum
• yaralar ve yaralanmalar

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON MARBLE WORKERS: OCCUPATIONAL EYE HEALTH PROBLEMS AND RISK FACTORS

Öz

Objective: Occupational health and safety is one of the most important aspects of the workplace. Working in a healthy and safe environment is one of our constitutional rights. In terms of occupational health, which is of the utmost importance, assessing the occupational eye health of marble quarry workers is also critical. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of corneal nebula, refraction error, pterygium, and similar ocular surface diseases and the factors affecting these diseases in marble quarry workers. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study in a marble quarry was performed. All the marble quarry workers who wished to participate in this cross-sectional study were included. Examinations of 126 workers were done in a large, appropriately lit room using a portable Snellen chart and a portable biomicroscope, and Volk 90D for fundus examination. Results: Of the total 126 workers, 83 (65.9%) were working in an environment of high-risk in respect to ocular health, and eye disease was determined in 32 (25.4%). Refraction error was determined in 19 (15.1%), pterygium in 11 (8.7%), amblyopia in 2 (1.6%), and corneal nebula in 1 (1.1%). Conclusions: Pterygium and refraction error were determined at a significantly high rate in marble quarry workers. It is important for workplace doctors to be trained in the early diagnosis of pathologies affecting the ocular surface, such as pterygium, for these workers to be referred early to an ophthalmology specialist. With the measurement and recording of the visual acuity of workers at certain intervals, workplace accidents can be reduced by taking precautions such as the referral to ophthalmology specialists of those determined to have a decrease in visual acuity. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Occupational health
• pterygium
• wounds and injuries

Kaynakça

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