AKTİVATOR PROTEİN-1’İN ETKİSİNİ KULLANARAK ONKOJENİK TRANSFORMASYONU YÖNLENDİRMEK

Öz

Bir uyarıyla karşılaşan hücrelerde, uyarana ilk yanıt veren genler IEG (Immediate Early Gene) grubundaki genlerdir. Bu genler hücre büyümesi, çoğalması, farklılaşması ve hücrenin programlanmış ölümü (apoptozis) ile ilgili transkripsiyon faktörleridir. Bir IEG olan c-fos geninin ürettiği Fos proteinleri, yine bir IEG olan c-jun geninin ürettiği Jun proteinleri transkripsiyon faktör kompleksi Aktivator Protein-1 (AP-1)’in komponentleri olarak birlikte işlev görürler. AP-1 kompleksinin üyeleri farklı gen ekspresyonlarını ve büyüme faktörlerine hücresel yanıtın bazı yönlerini düzenlerler. Bu komponentler büyüme, çoğalma, farklılaşma, programlanmış hücre ölümü ve onkojenik transformasyon gibi hücresel süreçlerde kilit rolü oynarlar. Karsinogenezin, IEG ve AP-1 tarafından kontrol edilen hücresel süreçlerdeki bozukluğun bir sonucu olduğu tanımlanmıştır. IEG ve AP-1’in hücrelerdeki normal ekspresyonlarının yaşamsal önemi vardır ancak anormal ekspresyonları, onkojenik transformasyon gibi ciddi sorunlar doğurur. AP-1’in ekspresyonunu artıran veya azaltan maddeler ve etkenler konusundaki çalışmalar devam etmektedir. Onkojenik transformasyonun aşamaları ve bu transformasyonda IEG ve AP-1’in rolü tam olarak aydınlatılabilirse karsinogenez kontrol edilebilir bir duruma gelebilecek hatta kanser hücrelerinin bazı özelliklerinden çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde yararlanılabilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• IEG, AP-1, Karsinogenez, Protoonkojenler, Onkoproteinler, Onkojenik transformasyon

Kaynakça

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