6-15 YAŞ ARASI ÇOCUKLARDA MALNUTRİSYONUN BİYOİMPEDANS ANALİZİ YÖNTEMİYLE İNCELENMESİ: KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Öz

Amaç: Vücut Kitle İndeksi (VKİ) ve biyoimpedans analizi (BİA) nutrisyonel değerlendirme için güvenilir araçlardır. BİA, sağlığı etkileyen vücut kompozisyonunu da gösterir. Bu çalışmada, çocuklarda VKİ z-skoru ile BİA sonuçları arasındaki korelasyonun incelenmesi, ve BİA’nın çocuklarda malnutrisyonun değerlendirilmesine katkısının belirlenmesi amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışmada 6-15 yaş arası 307 katılımcı yer aldı. VKİ ve BİA (InBody 230) ölçümleri yapıldı. Katılımcılar VKİ z-skorlarına göre sınıflandırıldı. Demografik, laboratuvar ve BİA verileri analiz edildi. VKİ z-skorları ve BİA arasındaki korelasyonu incelemek için Spearman testi yapıldı.

Bulgular: Örneklemde 153 (%49,8) kız ve 154 (%50,2) erkek bulunuyordu, ortalama yaş 10,6±2,9 yıldı. Fazla kilolu-obezlerde çizgili kas kitlesi (ÇKK) ve yağ kitlesi (YK) oranları Normal ve Zayıf-düşük kilolulara göre anlamlı daha yüksekti. VKİ z-skoru, BİA YK (%) ile hem 6-9 yaş grubunda (erkeklerde (E): r=0,913, kızlarda (K): r=0,879) hem de 10-15 yaş grubunda (E: r=0,885, K: r=0,884) yüksek korelasyon gösterdi. Ancak farklı olarak, VKİ z-skoru, BİA ÇKK (%) ile 6-9 yaş grubunda sadece orta derecede bir korelasyon (E: r=0,574, K: r=0,675) ve 10-15 yaş grupta ancak zayıf bir korelasyon gösterdi (E: r=0,330, K: r=0,508). Fazla Kilolu-obez Sınıfta daha fazla mikronutrient eksiklikleri ve daha yüksek ürik asit ve insülin düzeyleri saptandı.

Sonuç: BİA ÇKK ve YK sonuçları, VKİ z-skoru sınıfları arasında anlamlı olarak farklılık gösterse de BİA ÇKK ile VKİ z-skoru arasındaki korelasyon güçlü değildi. Böylece, VKİ z-skorunun vücut ÇKK oranını göstermede çocuklarda özellikle de erkek ergenlerde yetersiz olduğu saptandı. Yine de VKİ z-skoru, BİA YK ile güçlü korelasyon gösterdi. Ek olarak VKİ z-skoru mikro besin malnutrisyonunu göstermede etkili değildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malnutrisyon
• Vücut Kitle İndeksi
• Biyoimpedans Analizi
• Vücut Kompozisyonu

BIOIMPEDANCE ANALYSIS OF MALNUTRITION IN 6-15-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Öz

Objective: Body mass index (BMI) and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) are reliable tools to assess nutrition. BIA evaluates body composition, which is related to health outcomes. This study aimed to examine the correlation between BMI z-score and BIA in children and to determine the contribution of BIA to the evaluation of malnutrition in children.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 307 participants. BMI and BIA (InBody 230) measurements were performed. We classified the participants according to their BMI z-scores. Demographic, laboratory, and BIA data were analysed. The Spearman test was performed to evaluate the correlation between BMI z-scores and BIA.

Results: There were 153 (49.8%) females and 154 (50.2%) males, with a mean age of 10.6±2.9 years. Overweight-obese children had significantly higher BIA skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and fat mass (FM) ratios compared to Normal and Wasted-underweight classes. The BMI z-score showed a strong positive correlation with BIA FM (%) in both the 6-9-year-old (males: r=0.913, females: r=0.879) and the 10-15-year-old groups (males: r=0.885, females: r=0.884). In contrast, the BMI z-score had a moderate positive correlation with BIA SMM (%) in the 6-9-year-old group (males: r=0.574, females: r=0.675), which weakened in the 10-15-year-old group (males: r=0.330, females: r=0.508). The Overweight-obese Class had more micronutrient deficiencies and elevated insulin and uric acid levels.

Conclusion: Although BIA SMM and FM results differed significantly among BMI z-score Classes classes, the correlation between BIA SMM and BMI z-score was not strong. Thus, BMI z-score had limitations in showing the body SMM ratio of children, especially of male adolescents. Nevertheless, BMI z-score showed a strong correlation with FM. Additionally, BMI z-score was not efficient in demonstrating micronutrient malnutrition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Malnutrition
• Body Mass Index
• Bioimpedance analysis
• Body Composition

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