YETİŞKİN ASTIM HASTALARINDA YAŞAM KALİTESİ VE YAŞAM KALİTESİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN TANILANMASI

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 71 Sayı: 4, 109 - 115, 14.11.2011

Nazmiye Kocaman Sedat Özkan Züleyha Kaya Feyza Erkan Nazmiye Kocaman Mine Özkan At All.

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı yetişkin astım hastalarının yaşam kalitesini sağlıklı kontrol grup ile karşılaştırarak tanımlamak
ve hastaların yaşam kalitesi ile demografik, astımla ilgili değişkenler, psikolojik durum arasındaki ilişkiyi
değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve yöntem: Göğüs hastalıkları anabilim dalı polikliniğinde bir yıldır takipli olan hastalardan 1 Nisan-30 Mayıs
2005 tarihlerinde başvuran, okur yazar olan, psikotik belirtileri veya mental retardasyon saptanmayan, çalışmaya
katılmayı kabul eden hastalar çalışmaya alındı (n=176). Hastalara yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu, psikiyatrik
tanılama için standart tanı formu olan KISA(Kısa Sağlık Anketi/Brief Patient Health Questionnaire-Brief PHQ),
sağlık alanında yaşam kalitesini değerlendirmek için SF-36 uygulandı. Kontrol grup, astımlı grupla sosyodemografik
özellikleri eşleştirilmiş genel populasyondan seçilmiş 100 sağlıklı yetişkin ile oluşturulmuştur.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 46,27 ± 11,46 yıl idi, %77,3’ü kadındı. Hastalık süresi ortalama 13,03 ± 8,84
yıl idi. GINA (The Global Initiative for Asthma)’ya göre hastalık evresi %47,2’si orta persistan düzeydeydi. Hastaların
ortalama FEV1 yüzde değeri 86,62 ± 20,16 L idi. KISA’ya göre psikiyatrik tanı oranı %29 bulundu. Astım hastalarının
SF-36 yaşam kalitesinin tüm alt boyutlarında puanları kontrol grubundan düşük bulundu (p < 0,05). Psikiyatrik bir tanının varlığı hem fiziksel, hem mental sağlık boyutunda yaşam kalitesini düşürdüğü saptandı (p < 0,001).
Sonuç: Hastalıkla ilgili fiziksel parametreler yaşam kalitesinin yalnızca fiziksel boyutunu etkilediği saptanırken,
psikiyatrik tanı konulan hastalarda ise tüm alt boyutlarda yaşam kalitesinin anlamlı düzeyde etkilendiği bulundu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Astım, yaşam kalitesi, SF-36, KISA

Kaynakça

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