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Spanish Jews of Thessaloniki (Settlement, Ascension, Great Destruction)

Yıl 2017, , 113 - 123, 22.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.26557/iulitera.368767

Öz

During the Ottoman Era, Thessaloniki was the center for the Jewish immigrants coming from Europe. The first Jews came in 1470; then at the end of the 15th century and at the beginning of 18th century. The Jewish immigrants of Thessaloniki are divided into two categories as Ashkenazi and Sephardim. Arrival of the Spanish Jews to Thessaloniki changed both the population rate and the cultural as well as economic aspects of the city. They played an important role in acceleration of the economy of Thessaloniki. They have been granted many privileges during the Ottoman government. They have never been under any kind of pressure religiously.Thessaloniki has also taken its place as the center for the biggest Balkan Jewish community.


Kaynakça

  • Bakalpoulow, Apstolow (1969) “Istoria tis Makedonias (1354-1833)”, Thessaloniki.
  • Bowman, Steven (1989) « Jews in Waritime Greece », Marrus M.R., The Nazi Holocaust, t. I, IV: « The “Final Solution” outside Germany », Meckler, Westport-London, p.297-314.
  • Grhgoridhw, Slvn “ Sunoptik stora tw eynikw antstashw (1941-1945) ”, Ayna x.x.
  • Dhmhtridhw, Baslhw (1973) “ H kentrik kai dutik Makedona kat tn Ebligi Tselemp ” ( “ Evliya Çelebi zamanında Orta ve Batı Makedonya ” ), Thessaloniki.
  • Dhmhtridhw, Baslhw (1983) “O plhyusmw thw Yessalonkhw ka  ellhnik kointht thw ”, Makedonik 23, s.88-116.
  • Emmanuel, J.-S. (1935) Histoire de l’industrie des tissus des Israélites de Salonique, Lausanne.
  • Georgeon, François (1992) “ Selanik musulmane et deunmé , Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans”, Autrement, série “Memoires ”, edi. Veinstein Gilles, Paris, janvier, p.105-118.
  • Georgeon, François (1997) “ Plus de deux mille and d’histoire ”, Le monde diplomatique, juillet, II.
  • Gökbilgin, Tayyib, M (1956) “ Kanunî Sultan Süleyman Devri Başlarında Rumeli Eyaleti, Livaları, Şehir ve Kasabaları ”, TTK Belleten XX/78, s.247-285.
  • Hondros, John Louis (1983) “ Occupation and Resistance. The Greek Agony (1941-1944) ”, Pella Publications, New York.
  • Hondros, John Louis (1993) “ Greece and the German Occupation ”, The Greek Civil War (1943-1950), edi.Close D.H., Routledge, London-New York, p.28-57.
  • Karayanshw, Ayansiow (1993) “ H Makedona kat thn Tourkokrata ”, edi.Xasith- Kolipoulou, Makedona, t. II, Athina, s.121-148.
  • Kontoginnhw, P.M (1996) “Plyow Ebravn mga…”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.11 (Panaynaia dergisinden yeniden basım: Athina ekim 1912).
  • Kourmantz, Elnh (1996) “Givsf Eligi, naw prvtoprow Ellhnoebraow poihtw kai dianoomenow thw dekaetaw tou 20 ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.29. Louktow, Sprow (1986) “Politeiografik Yessalonkhw, nomo kai plhw, sta msa thw dekaetaw tou 1910 ”, H Yessalonkh met to 1912, Thessaloniki .
  • Magklibraw, Dionshw (1996) “Sumboul sthn ellhnik zv h parousa tvn Ebravn sthn koinvnik, oikonomik kai politik zv thw xraw ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.18-19.
  • Mazower, Mark (1993) “ Inside Hitler’s Greece. The experience of occupation (1941-1944) ”, Yale University Press, New Haven-London .
  • Mrtziow, Kvnstantnow (1947) “ Mnhmea Makedonikw Istoraw ”, Etairea Makedonikn Spoudn , Thessaloniki.
  • Messnaw, Hlaw (1996) “Sunagvgw sthn Ellda: istora kai arxitektonik morf tvn poluriymvn braïkn sunagvgn ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.4-5.
  • Mntshw, Gergiow, I (1977) “ Eynologik snyesh thw Makedonaw (Arxaithta, Mesavnaw, Neo xrnoi ”, edi. Herodotos, Athina.
  • Molho, Michael - Nehama, Jos (1976) “ In Memoriam: Dedicated to the Memory of the Jewish Victims of Nazism in Greece ”, Thessaloniki.
  • Molho, Michael (1947) “ Usos y costumbres de los Judios de Salonica ”, Sefarad (7), p.93-121.
  • Molho, Michael (1951) “ Usos y costumbres de los Sefardies de Salonica ”, Madrid-Barcelona C.S.I.C.
  • Mlxo, Rena (1992) “ Le renouveau…, Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans ”, Autrement, série “ Memoires ”, edi.Veinstein Gilles, Paris, p.64-78; 79-95.
  • Mlxo, Rena (1996) “ Oi Ebraioi tis Thessalonikis ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.12-15. Nar, A., (1985) “ Oi sunagvgw tw Yessalonkhw. Ta tragodia maw ”, Thessaloniki .
  • Nehama, Jos “ Histoire des Israélites de Salonique ”, t.VI, Paris-Thessalonique, 1935-1978.
  • Nicolay, Nicolas de (1576) “ Les navigations, pérégrinations et voyages faicts en la Turquie… ”, Anvers.
  • Pasxdhw, Yvmw (1880) “ O Israhltai n t llhnism ”, Khoronika dergisinde yeniden basım (128) 1993 (“ rgano tou Kentriko Israhlitiko Sumboulou thw Elldaw ”).
  • Parkes, J (1954) “The German Treatment of the Jew ”, Hitler’s Europe, edi.Toynbee, A.-Toynbee,V., Oxford University Press, London , p.279-282.
  • Poliakov, L. - Sabille, J (1954) “The Jews under the Italian Occupation”, Éditions du Centre, Paris.
  • Roumpn-Mordexa, S (1978)., “ O ebraikw tpow sth Yessalonkh st geniktera stn Ellda ”, Xronik (10), s.24-31.
  • Rosenbaum, A (1993) “ Prosecuting Nazi War Criminals ”, Westview, Boulder.
  • Sbornow, Nkow (1982) “Dioikhtikw, koinvnikw kai oikonomikw ejeljeiw ap t 1430 w t 1821 ”, Makedona: 4000 xrnia llhnikw storaw kai politismo, edi.Ayhnn, Athina, s. 354-385.
  • Séphiha, Haïm Vidal (1992) “Ladino et Djudezmo”, Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans, Autrement, série “Memoires ”, edi.Veinstein, Gilles, Paris, p.79-95.
  • Séphiha, Haïm Vidal (1977) “ La cité perdue des séfarados ”, Le monde diplomatique, III.
  • Stauroulkhw, Nkow (1996) “Oi ebraïkw kointhtew ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.6-10.
  • Tznnh -Gknneroup, Nkow (1996) “ H mousik tvn Ispanoebravn ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.30-31.
  • Tsousmhw, Gergiow (1975) “Appeirew ioudaïkw egkatastsevw st Boden tw Tourkokrataw ”, Edessaika Khronika 8, s. 4-9.
  • Fiw, Misl (1996)“Tzolio Kamh: o aposivphmnow zvgrfow kai melethtw thw laïkw maw txnhw ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.32.
  • Flaiser, Xagken (1996) “ Shoad: h geoktonia tvn Ellhnoebraion ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.24-26.
  • Xamoudpoulow, A (1935) “ Oi Israhltew thw Yessalonkhw ”, Athina.
  • Veinstein, Gilles (1992) “ Un paradoxe séculaire, Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans”, Autrement, série “ Memoires ”, p.42-63.

Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım)

Yıl 2017, , 113 - 123, 22.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.26557/iulitera.368767

Öz

Osmanlı dönemlerinde Selanik, Avrupa’dan gelen Yahudi göçmenlerinin merkeziydi. İlk Yahudiler 1470 yılında, sonra 15.yy.’ın sonralarında, daha sonra da 18.yy.’ın başlarında gelmişlerdir. Selanik Yahudi göçmenleri Eskenazi’ler ve Sepharadim’ler olarak iki kategoriye ayrılmaktadırlar. İspanya Yahudilerinin Selanik’e gelişleri hem nüfus oranını hem de kentin kültürel ve ekonomik çehresini değiştirmiştir. Selanik’in ekonomisinin yükselişinde önemli rol oynamışlardır. Osmanlı yönetiminde ilişkilerinde kendilerine pek çok imtiyazlar verilmiştir. Dini açıdan da hiçbir baskıya uğramamışlardır. Selanik aynı zamanda en büyük Balkan Yahudi Cemaatinin de merkezi konumunda yerini almıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Bakalpoulow, Apstolow (1969) “Istoria tis Makedonias (1354-1833)”, Thessaloniki.
  • Bowman, Steven (1989) « Jews in Waritime Greece », Marrus M.R., The Nazi Holocaust, t. I, IV: « The “Final Solution” outside Germany », Meckler, Westport-London, p.297-314.
  • Grhgoridhw, Slvn “ Sunoptik stora tw eynikw antstashw (1941-1945) ”, Ayna x.x.
  • Dhmhtridhw, Baslhw (1973) “ H kentrik kai dutik Makedona kat tn Ebligi Tselemp ” ( “ Evliya Çelebi zamanında Orta ve Batı Makedonya ” ), Thessaloniki.
  • Dhmhtridhw, Baslhw (1983) “O plhyusmw thw Yessalonkhw ka  ellhnik kointht thw ”, Makedonik 23, s.88-116.
  • Emmanuel, J.-S. (1935) Histoire de l’industrie des tissus des Israélites de Salonique, Lausanne.
  • Georgeon, François (1992) “ Selanik musulmane et deunmé , Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans”, Autrement, série “Memoires ”, edi. Veinstein Gilles, Paris, janvier, p.105-118.
  • Georgeon, François (1997) “ Plus de deux mille and d’histoire ”, Le monde diplomatique, juillet, II.
  • Gökbilgin, Tayyib, M (1956) “ Kanunî Sultan Süleyman Devri Başlarında Rumeli Eyaleti, Livaları, Şehir ve Kasabaları ”, TTK Belleten XX/78, s.247-285.
  • Hondros, John Louis (1983) “ Occupation and Resistance. The Greek Agony (1941-1944) ”, Pella Publications, New York.
  • Hondros, John Louis (1993) “ Greece and the German Occupation ”, The Greek Civil War (1943-1950), edi.Close D.H., Routledge, London-New York, p.28-57.
  • Karayanshw, Ayansiow (1993) “ H Makedona kat thn Tourkokrata ”, edi.Xasith- Kolipoulou, Makedona, t. II, Athina, s.121-148.
  • Kontoginnhw, P.M (1996) “Plyow Ebravn mga…”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.11 (Panaynaia dergisinden yeniden basım: Athina ekim 1912).
  • Kourmantz, Elnh (1996) “Givsf Eligi, naw prvtoprow Ellhnoebraow poihtw kai dianoomenow thw dekaetaw tou 20 ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.29. Louktow, Sprow (1986) “Politeiografik Yessalonkhw, nomo kai plhw, sta msa thw dekaetaw tou 1910 ”, H Yessalonkh met to 1912, Thessaloniki .
  • Magklibraw, Dionshw (1996) “Sumboul sthn ellhnik zv h parousa tvn Ebravn sthn koinvnik, oikonomik kai politik zv thw xraw ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.18-19.
  • Mazower, Mark (1993) “ Inside Hitler’s Greece. The experience of occupation (1941-1944) ”, Yale University Press, New Haven-London .
  • Mrtziow, Kvnstantnow (1947) “ Mnhmea Makedonikw Istoraw ”, Etairea Makedonikn Spoudn , Thessaloniki.
  • Messnaw, Hlaw (1996) “Sunagvgw sthn Ellda: istora kai arxitektonik morf tvn poluriymvn braïkn sunagvgn ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.4-5.
  • Mntshw, Gergiow, I (1977) “ Eynologik snyesh thw Makedonaw (Arxaithta, Mesavnaw, Neo xrnoi ”, edi. Herodotos, Athina.
  • Molho, Michael - Nehama, Jos (1976) “ In Memoriam: Dedicated to the Memory of the Jewish Victims of Nazism in Greece ”, Thessaloniki.
  • Molho, Michael (1947) “ Usos y costumbres de los Judios de Salonica ”, Sefarad (7), p.93-121.
  • Molho, Michael (1951) “ Usos y costumbres de los Sefardies de Salonica ”, Madrid-Barcelona C.S.I.C.
  • Mlxo, Rena (1992) “ Le renouveau…, Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans ”, Autrement, série “ Memoires ”, edi.Veinstein Gilles, Paris, p.64-78; 79-95.
  • Mlxo, Rena (1996) “ Oi Ebraioi tis Thessalonikis ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.12-15. Nar, A., (1985) “ Oi sunagvgw tw Yessalonkhw. Ta tragodia maw ”, Thessaloniki .
  • Nehama, Jos “ Histoire des Israélites de Salonique ”, t.VI, Paris-Thessalonique, 1935-1978.
  • Nicolay, Nicolas de (1576) “ Les navigations, pérégrinations et voyages faicts en la Turquie… ”, Anvers.
  • Pasxdhw, Yvmw (1880) “ O Israhltai n t llhnism ”, Khoronika dergisinde yeniden basım (128) 1993 (“ rgano tou Kentriko Israhlitiko Sumboulou thw Elldaw ”).
  • Parkes, J (1954) “The German Treatment of the Jew ”, Hitler’s Europe, edi.Toynbee, A.-Toynbee,V., Oxford University Press, London , p.279-282.
  • Poliakov, L. - Sabille, J (1954) “The Jews under the Italian Occupation”, Éditions du Centre, Paris.
  • Roumpn-Mordexa, S (1978)., “ O ebraikw tpow sth Yessalonkh st geniktera stn Ellda ”, Xronik (10), s.24-31.
  • Rosenbaum, A (1993) “ Prosecuting Nazi War Criminals ”, Westview, Boulder.
  • Sbornow, Nkow (1982) “Dioikhtikw, koinvnikw kai oikonomikw ejeljeiw ap t 1430 w t 1821 ”, Makedona: 4000 xrnia llhnikw storaw kai politismo, edi.Ayhnn, Athina, s. 354-385.
  • Séphiha, Haïm Vidal (1992) “Ladino et Djudezmo”, Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans, Autrement, série “Memoires ”, edi.Veinstein, Gilles, Paris, p.79-95.
  • Séphiha, Haïm Vidal (1977) “ La cité perdue des séfarados ”, Le monde diplomatique, III.
  • Stauroulkhw, Nkow (1996) “Oi ebraïkw kointhtew ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.6-10.
  • Tznnh -Gknneroup, Nkow (1996) “ H mousik tvn Ispanoebravn ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.30-31.
  • Tsousmhw, Gergiow (1975) “Appeirew ioudaïkw egkatastsevw st Boden tw Tourkokrataw ”, Edessaika Khronika 8, s. 4-9.
  • Fiw, Misl (1996)“Tzolio Kamh: o aposivphmnow zvgrfow kai melethtw thw laïkw maw txnhw ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.32.
  • Flaiser, Xagken (1996) “ Shoad: h geoktonia tvn Ellhnoebraion ”, Kathimerini Gazetesi, Yedi gün eki, s.24-26.
  • Xamoudpoulow, A (1935) “ Oi Israhltew thw Yessalonkhw ”, Athina.
  • Veinstein, Gilles (1992) “ Un paradoxe séculaire, Salonique (1850-1918). La “ ville des Juifs” et le reveil des Balkans”, Autrement, série “ Memoires ”, p.42-63.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Dilbilim
Bölüm Çeviri
Yazarlar

Esin Ozansoy

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Aralık 2017
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Eylül 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017

Kaynak Göster

APA Ozansoy, E. (2017). Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım). Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, 27(2), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.26557/iulitera.368767
AMA Ozansoy E. Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım). Litera. Aralık 2017;27(2):113-123. doi:10.26557/iulitera.368767
Chicago Ozansoy, Esin. “Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım)”. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 27, sy. 2 (Aralık 2017): 113-23. https://doi.org/10.26557/iulitera.368767.
EndNote Ozansoy E (01 Aralık 2017) Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım). Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 27 2 113–123.
IEEE E. Ozansoy, “Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım)”, Litera, c. 27, sy. 2, ss. 113–123, 2017, doi: 10.26557/iulitera.368767.
ISNAD Ozansoy, Esin. “Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım)”. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies 27/2 (Aralık 2017), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.26557/iulitera.368767.
JAMA Ozansoy E. Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım). Litera. 2017;27:113–123.
MLA Ozansoy, Esin. “Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım)”. Litera: Journal of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, c. 27, sy. 2, 2017, ss. 113-2, doi:10.26557/iulitera.368767.
Vancouver Ozansoy E. Selanik’in İspanya Yahudileri (Yerleşme, Yükseliş, Büyük Yıkım). Litera. 2017;27(2):113-2.