BİR TEMEL HAK OLARAK İNSAN TİCARETİ YASAĞI: AVRUPA ÖZELİNDE BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 1, 1 - 29, 01.03.2014

İlke Göçmen

Öz

Avrupa özelinde insan ticareti yasağı, özellikle 2000’li yıllar ile birlikte bir “temel hak”

olarak kabul görmeye başlamıştır. Kronolojik açıdan, öncelikle, Avrupa Birliği bünyesindeki

Avrupa Birliği Temel Haklar Şartı (ABTHŞ),“kölelik ve zorla çalıştırma yasağı” ile

ilgili maddesinde açıkça “insan ticareti yasaktır” şeklinde düzenleme getirmiştir. Bunu

takiben, Avrupa Konseyi bünyesindeki Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi (AİHS), Avrupa

İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi’nin kararı aracılığıyla “kölelik ve zorla çalıştırma yasağı”

ile ilgili maddesinin insan ticareti yasağını içerdiği şeklinde yorumlanmıştır. Böylelikle

insan ticareti yasağı, bir temel hak olarak Avrupa özelinde kendisine bir yer edinmiştir.

Bu çalışma, AİHS ve ABTHŞ’nin yanı sıra 1982 Anayasası üzerinden özellikle Anayasa

Mahkemesi nezdindeki “bireysel başvuru” aracılığıyla bir temel hak olarak insan ticareti

yasağının Türkiye’deki olası yansımalarına işaret ederek, bu yasağın kapsamını her bir

düzlemde aydınlatmayı amaçlamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

İnsan Ticareti Yasağı, Temel Haklar, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi, Avrupa Birliği Temel Haklar Şartı, Bireysel Başvuru

PROHIBITION OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING AS A FUNDAMENTAL RIGHT: AN ANALYSIS FOCUSED ON EUROPE

Öz

In Europe, the prohibition of human traffi cking has begun
to be recognized as a “fundamental right” especially since 2000’s.
Chronologically, fi rst of all, within the European Union, the European Union
Charter of Fundamental Rights (EUCFR) laid down clearly that “traffi cking in
human beings is prohibited” under its provision related to “prohibition of
slavery and forced labour”. Following this, within the Council of Europe,
European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) was interpreted as including the
prohibition of human traffi cking under its provision related to “prohibition
of slavery and forced labour” through a ruling of European Court of Human
Rights. Thus, prohibition of human trafficking has gained a place as a
“fundamental right” in Europe. This article, by referring to potential refl
ections of this prohibition of human traffi cking as a “fundamental right” in
Turkey on the basis of 1982 Constitution especially via “individual
application” before Constitutional Court in addition to ECHR and EUCFR, aims to
clarify the scope of this prohibition on each of these levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prohibition of Human Trafficking, Fundamental Rights, European Convention on Human Rights, European Union Charter of Fundamental Rights, Individual Application.

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