Ondokuzuncu Yüzyılda Anadolu'da Bir Bitki Toplayıcısı: Benjamin Balansa (1825-1891)

Öz

Benjamin Balansa (1825-1891) was a French traveler-naturalist attached to the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle at Paris. As a explorer botaniste, cultivator, interpriser, producer, he dedicated more than 40 years of his life to scientific travels far from his country. Between 1854 and 1866, he was in Anatolia where he herborized in the West, Central, South and North-east. In 1857, accompanied with his familiy, he settled in İzmir where he lived as a tradesman, interested in drugs. His botanical collection has been most useful in the elaboration of Flora Orientalis (1867-1888) in Geneva and of Flora of Turkey (1965-1985) in Edinburgh. We find cited in Flora Orientalis 2858 specimens of Balansa. In Flora of Turkey are cited ca. 1500 specimens of him from which 385 (includ. syntypes) are types of taxa new to science. 

The examination of the specimens of Balansa in Flora of Turkey has enabled to trace his Anatolian expeditions as follows. In April-May 1854, he collected from Izmir and its surroundings. In March-October 1855, he visited Mersin and the Cilician Taurus. In June-September 1856 he traveled from Tarsus to Kayseri and concentrated his researches on the mountains of Kayseri. In May-July 1857, he explored Uşak and the neighbouring regions. In JuneAugust 1866, he largely herborized in the region of Trabzon-Rize. In autumn 1866, he definetely returned to France. His Anatolian collection seems to be comprised of nearly 6000 specimens distributed in 35 herbaria, from which two are in U.S.A., the others in Europe

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Türkiye florası, bitki toplamaları, toplayıcılar, B.Balansa, botanik tarihi

A plant collector in Anatolia in the 19th century: Benjamin Balansa (1825-1891)

Öz

Benjamin Balansa (1825-1891) was a French traveler-naturalist attached to the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle at Paris. As a explorer botaniste, cultivator, interpriser, producer, he dedicated more than 40 years of his life to scientific travels far from his country. Between 1854 and 1866, he was in Anatolia where he herborized in the West, Central, South and North-east. In 1857, accompanied with his familiy, he settled in İzmir where he lived as a tradesman, interested in drugs. His botanical collection has been most useful in the elaboration of Flora Orientalis (1867-1888) in Geneva and of Flora of Turkey (1965-1985) in Edinburgh. We find cited in Flora Orientalis 2858 specimens of Balansa. In Flora of Turkey are cited ca. 1500 specimens of him from which 385 (includ. syntypes) are types of taxa new to science. 

The examination of the specimens of Balansa in Flora of Turkey has enabled to trace his Anatolian expeditions as follows. In April-May 1854, he collected from Izmir and its surroundings. In March-October 1855, he visited Mersin and the Cilician Taurus. In June-September 1856 he traveled from Tarsus to Kayseri and concentrated his researches on the mountains of Kayseri. In May-July 1857, he explored Uşak and the neighbouring regions. In JuneAugust 1866, he largely herborized in the region of Trabzon-Rize. In autumn 1866, he definetely returned to France. His Anatolian collection seems to be comprised of nearly 6000 specimens distributed in 35 herbaria, from which two are in U.S.A., the others in Europe

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Turkish flora,botanical expeditions,collectors,B.Balansa,history of botany

Kaynakça

1. Astre,G. 1947. La Vie de Benjamin Balansa, botaniste explorateur, Ed. Les Frères Douladoure, Toulouse, 199 sayfa.
2. Astre,G. 2002. La Vida de Benjamin Balansa, botanico y explorador, coll. Los libros des Museum, Museum de Historia natural de Toulouse, Paraguay, Asuncion. "La vie de
3. Benjamin Balansa, botaniste et explorateur" adlı kitabın İspanyolcaya çevirisidir. Baytop,T. 2001. Anadolu Da ğlarında 50 Yıl, ikinci baskı, Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri, İstanbul, s.12.
4. Boissier,E. 1867. Flora Orientalis, vol.1, Basileae, s. XX.
5. Boissier,E. 1888. Flora Orientalis, Supplementum, ed. R.Buser, Genevae et Basileae, s.431-433.
6. Davis,P.H. (ed.). 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 1-9. Edinburgh.
7. Davis, P.H., Mill,R.R., Tan,K. (eds.). 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol.10, First Supplement, Edinburgh.
8. Güner, A., Özhatay,N., Ekim,T., Başer,K.H.C. (eds.). 2000. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol.11, Second Supplement, Edinburgh.

9. Davy de Virville, Ad., Schnell, R. 1954. Voyages et explorations botaniques, bkz Ad.
10. Davy de Virville, Histoire de la Botanique en France, Paris, s.365.
11. Demiriz, H. 1993. An Annotated Bibliography of Turkish Flora and Vegetation, TÜBİTAK yayını, Ankara, s. 38 ve 69.
12. Index Kewensis, vol. 1(1895), Suppl: II(1904), Suppl. IV(1913), London. Lanjouw,J., Stafleu,F.A. 1954. Index Herbariorum, Part II(1), Collectors, Regnum Vegetabile vol.2, Utrecht, s.51.
13. Texier, R. 1995. Benjamin Balansa (1821-1891) et le petit-grain au Paraguay. Les naturalistes français en Amérique du Sud, XVIe-XIXe siècles. Textes réunis et publiés par Yves Laissus, Editions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, s.357- 372.