Medical Historiography: Controversies, Interactions

Öz

This article aims to present a general overview of the basic stages of medical historiography in Western Europe and America during the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. The framework of the article is formed by the interaction of a clinical historiography, which is defined as classical and practiced primarily by physicians; and the social history of medicine, which has been put forward by social scientists, especially since the 1970s. The points of interaction with social sciences and several historiographies of medicine are identified in the article by examining the relationship between the scientific and medical developments, social events and political attitudes. The main focus of the article is the ways of change of the transformation of the history of illness and health by the transformation of the relationship between body and society.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Historiography
• medical historiography
• social history of medicine
• clinical history of medicine
• medical history

Tıp Tarihyazımı: Karşıtlıklar, Etkileşimler

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, on dokuzuncu ve yirminci yüzyıllarda Batı Avrupa ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde tıp tarihçiliğinin temel aşamalarına genel bir bakış sunmaktır. Makale, klasik olarak tanımlanan ve öncelikle hekimler tarafından kaleme alınan klinik tarihçilik ile özellikle 1970'lerden beri sosyal bilimciler tarafından öne sürülen tıbbın sosyal tarihinin etkileşimini ele almaktadır. Makalede, bilimsel ve tıbbi gelişmeler, sosyal olaylar ve tutumlar arasındaki ilişki incelenerek bunların sosyal bilimler ile etkileşimi ve tıbbın tarihinin çeşitli yazım biçimleri tanımlanmaktadır. Makalenin ana odak noktası, beden ve toplum arasındaki ilişkinin dönüşümü ile hastalık ve sağlık tarihinin dönüşümü arasındaki ilişkidir. Bu çalışma, tıp tarihi yazımının farklı disiplinlerden araştırmacıların konuyu kendi perspektiflerinden tartıştığını göstermiştir. Başlangıçta, tıbbın ilerleme tarihi olarak görülen tıp tarihinin yazarları hekimler iken, zamanla sosyal bilimciler de bu alana kaymıştır. Sosyal tıp tarihçiliğinin haricinde hem yeni teknolojiler hem de tıbbın yeni biçimlerde değerlendirilmeye başlanması sonucunda tarih, etik, sosyoloji, bilim ve teknoloji çalışmaları gibi alanlar çeşitli işbirliği zeminleri arayışına girmişlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tarihyazımı
• tıp tarihyazımı
• sosyal tıp tarihi
• klinik tıp tarihi
• tıp tarihi

Kaynakça

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