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Resilience after Child Abuse and Neglect: A Systematic Review of Protective Factors

Yıl 2024, , 1 - 33, 30.04.2024

Öznur Bayar , Türkan Doğan

https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1026794

Öz

Despite their harmful effects on mental health, experiences of child abuse and neglect can be influenced by protective factors that contribute to psychological resilience. This systematic review of protective factors associated with psychological resilience after child abuse and neglect summarizes the methodological quality and general characteristics of selected studies. The PRISMA-P guide and a qualitative assessment control list were used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Three databases (PubMed, Ulakbim, and Web of Science) were searched in English and Turkish to identify studies published between January 2016 and July 2021. We identified 4094 articles in the initial search. Four additional articles were included using references from these articles. Thirty-nine studies were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed with the developed control list. Protective factors were classified according to the conceptual foundations of preceding studies that examined resilience after child abuse and neglect using an ecological approach (individual, family/relational, environmental/community). Most of the included research was of moderate quality. The most frequently studied variables consistently found to have a protective role in individuals with a history of child abuse and neglect during young adulthood and adulthood were resilience scores from individual factors and perceived social support from family/relational factors. A limited number of studies addressed the protective role of environmental/community factors. In relatively few studies that focused only on child sexual abuse, the contributions of individual, family/relational, and environmental/community protective factors to resilience were not significant. Based on our results, it is recommended to examine environmental/community factors and consider child sexual abuse separately when investigating protective factors related to resilience in individuals who have experienced child abuse and neglect.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Child maltreatment adverse childhood experiences protective factors resiliency systematic review quality assessment

Kaynakça

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Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme

Yıl 2024, , 1 - 33, 30.04.2024

Öznur Bayar , Türkan Doğan

https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1026794

Öz

Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali yaşantıları ruh sağlığı üzerinde bozucu etkiler yaratsa da koruyucu faktörlerin varlığı bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlığına olumlu katkı sağlayabilmektedir. Bu sistematik gözden geçirmenin amacı, çocuk istismarı ve ihmali sonrası psikolojik sağlamlıkla ilişkili koruyucu faktörlere genel bir bakış açısı sağlamak ve seçilen çalışmaların yöntemsel niteliklerini ve genel özelliklerini özetlemektir. Bu çalışmada PRISMA-P rehberi göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. Çalışmaların yöntemsel niteliklerinin değerlendirilmesi için Nitelik Değerlendirme Kontrol Listesi oluşturulmuştur. Alan yazın taraması Ocak 2016 ile Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arasında yayınlanan çalışmalara erişmek için üç veri tabanında (PubMed, Ulakbim ve Web of Science) İngilizce ve Türkçe dillerinde yapılmıştır. İlk taramada veri tabanlarından 4094 makaleye erişilmiştir ve dört makale ulaşılan makalelerin kaynakçalarından yararlanılarak eklenmiştir. Tüm makaleler dâhil edilme ve dışlama kriterlerine göre incelenerek toplam 39 çalışma gözden geçirmeye dâhil edilmiştir. Ele alınan çalışmaların niteliği oluşturulan kontrol listesi ile incelenmiştir. Koruyucu faktörler ise ekolojik yaklaşım ve çocuk istismarı ve ihmali sonrası psikolojik sağlamlığı inceleyen öncül araştırmaların kavramsal temellerine göre sınıflandırılarak (bireysel, ailesel/ilişkisel, çevresel/toplumsal) incelenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, araştırmaların çoğunluğu orta düzey niteliktedir. Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali sonrası genç yetişkinlik ve yetişkinlik dönemlerinde koruyucu rolü en sık araştırılan ve tutarlı şekilde anlamlı bulunan değişkenler bireysel faktörlerden psikolojik sağlamlık puanı ve ailesel/ilişkisel faktörlerden algılanan sosyal destektir. Çevresel/toplumsal faktörlerin koruyucu rolü az sayıda araştırmada ele alınmıştır. Yalnızca cinsel istismarı ele alan görece az sayıda araştırmada bireysel, ailesel/ilişkisel ve çevresel/toplumsal koruyucu faktörlerin psikolojik sağlamlığa katkısı anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Çocuk istismarı ve ihmali yaşayanlarda psikolojik sağlamlığa dair koruyucu faktörler incelenirken çevresel/toplumsal faktörlerin daha çok araştırılması ve cinsel istismarın ayrı tutulması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuğa yönelik kötü muamele olumsuz çocukluk yaşantıları koruyucu faktörleri psikolojik sağlamlık sistematik derleme nitelik değerlendirmesi

Teşekkür

Uzman görüşü desteği için Hakan Büyükçolpan’a teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

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  • Wu, Q., Cao, H., Lin, X., Zhou, N. ve Chi, P. (2021). Child maltreatment and subjective well-being in Chinese emerging adults: A process model involving self-esteem and self-compassion. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260521993924 google scholar
  • Xiang, Y., Wang, W. ve Guan, F. (2018). The relationship between child maltreatment and dispositional envy and the mediating effect of self-esteem and social support in young adults. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1054. google scholar
  • Xie, G. D., Chang, J. J., Yuan, M. Y., Wang, G. F., He, Y., Chen, S. S. ve Su, P. Y. (2021). Childhood abuse and borderline personality disorder features in Chinese undergraduates: The role of self-esteem and resilience. BMC Psychiatry, 21(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03332-w google scholar
  • Xu, H., Song, X., Wang, S., Zhang, S., Xu, S. ve Wan, Y. (2019). Mediating effect of social support in the relationship between childhood abuse and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese undergraduates: The role of only child status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(20), 4023. https://doi.org/10.3390/yerph16204023 google scholar
  • Yilmaz Irmak, T., Aksel, §. ve Thompson, D. (2016). Coping strategies and depression among college students following child sexual abuse in Turkey. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 25(8), 881-894. https://doi.org/10.1080/10538712.2016.1236871 google scholar
  • Yoon, S., Howell, K., Dillard, R., McCarthy, K. S., Napier, T.R. ve Pei, F. (2021). Resilience following child maltreatment: Definitional considerations and developmental variations. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 22(3), 541-559. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838019869094 google scholar
  • Yule, K., Houston, J. ve Grych, J. (201.9). Resilience in children exposed to violence: A meta-analysis of protective factors across ecological contexts. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 22, 406-431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-019-00293-1 google scholar
  • Zhang, H. ve Li, Y. (2022). Child neglect and life satisfaction among left-behind children in rural China: The roles of self-compassion and gratitude. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(17-18), NP15649-NP15669. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211016348. google scholar
Toplam 93 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sosyal ve Kişilik Psikolojisi (Diğer)
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Öznur Bayar 0000-0002-9385-8641

Türkan Doğan 0000-0002-5976-7666

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Nisan 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Kasım 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Bayar, Ö., & Doğan, T. (2024). Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme. Studies in Psychology, 44(1), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1026794
AMA Bayar Ö, Doğan T. Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme. Studies in Psychology. Nisan 2024;44(1):1-33. doi:10.26650/SP2022-1026794
Chicago Bayar, Öznur, ve Türkan Doğan. “Çocuk İstismarı Ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme”. Studies in Psychology 44, sy. 1 (Nisan 2024): 1-33. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1026794.
EndNote Bayar Ö, Doğan T (01 Nisan 2024) Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme. Studies in Psychology 44 1 1–33.
IEEE Ö. Bayar ve T. Doğan, “Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme”, Studies in Psychology, c. 44, sy. 1, ss. 1–33, 2024, doi: 10.26650/SP2022-1026794.
ISNAD Bayar, Öznur - Doğan, Türkan. “Çocuk İstismarı Ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme”. Studies in Psychology 44/1 (Nisan 2024), 1-33. https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2022-1026794.
JAMA Bayar Ö, Doğan T. Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme. Studies in Psychology. 2024;44:1–33.
MLA Bayar, Öznur ve Türkan Doğan. “Çocuk İstismarı Ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme”. Studies in Psychology, c. 44, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 1-33, doi:10.26650/SP2022-1026794.
Vancouver Bayar Ö, Doğan T. Çocuk İstismarı ve İhmali Sonrası Psikolojik Sağlamlık: Koruyucu Faktörlere Dair Sistematik İnceleme. Studies in Psychology. 2024;44(1):1-33.

Psikoloji Çalışmaları / Studies In Psychology / ISSN- 1304-4680