Examination of Effective Parenting within the Framework of Domains-of-Socialization Approach: A Qualitative Study in a Turkish Sample

Öz

According to the domain-specific socialization approach, socialization occurs across five different domains — protection, reciprocity, control, guided learning, and group participation — each emerging in response to evolutionary needs and characterized by distinct goals, mechanisms, and outcomes. This study aims to examine how Turkish mothers of children aged 3 to 6 interact with their children across these five socialization domains. To achieve this, mothers participated in the Domain-Specific Parenting Interview (DSPI), a semi-structured interview designed to assess parenting practices in response to their children’s needs across different socialization domains. During the interviews, mothers were asked to provide real-life examples and elaborate on their experiences, parenting approaches, emotions, motivations, their children’s reactions, and the perceived impact of these interactions. The collected data were analyzed using deductive content analysis, identifying how parenting practices were structured in each domain, their goals, and the potential consequences of these practices. Findings indicate that parentchild interactions differ across socialization domains, and parents use various strategies to transmit social values, emotional regulation strategies, and cultural norms to their children. Furthermore, while parenting practices largely aligned with the core principles of the domain-specific socialization approach, some unexpected tendencies emerged. In conclusion, this study provides comprehensive insights into the real-life applications of the domainspecific socialization approach and highlights how parent-child interactions are shaped by contextual variables.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parenting
• socialization domains
• deductive content analysis

Etkili Ebeveynliğin Alan Özelinde Sosyalleştirme Yaklaşımı Çerçevesinde Ele Alınması: Türkiye Örnekleminde Nitel Bir Çalışma Örneği

Öz

Alan özelinde sosyalleştirme yaklaşımına göre, sosyalleştirme evrimsel ihtiyaçlara yanıt olarak ortaya çıkan, farklı durumlarda aktifleşen ve kendine özgü amaçları, mekanizmaları ve sonuçları olan farklı davranış sistemlerini içeren beş farklı alanda gerçekleşir: Koruma, karşılıklılık, kontrol, rehberlik ve grup katılımı. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de yaşayan 3-6 yaş arasında çocuğu olan 50 annenin, çocuklarıyla olan etkileşimlerini beş farklı sosyalleştirme alanı çerçevesinde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, annelere Sosyalleştirme Alanı Özelinde Ebeveyn Görüşmesi (SAÖEG) uygulanmıştır. Görüşmelerde annelerden günlük hayattan örnekler sunmaları ve bu örnekleri yaşanan olaylar, ebeveynlik yaklaşımları, duyguları, motivasyonları, çocuklarının tepkileri ve uzun vadeli etkileri açısından detaylandırmaları istenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, tümdengelimli içerik analizi yöntemiyle incelenmiş, her bir sosyalleştirme alanı için ebeveynlik uygulamalarının ele alınış biçimleri, ebeveynlik hedefleri ve bu uygulamaların çocuklar üzerindeki etkileri belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, ebeveyn-çocuk etkileşimlerinin alan özelinde farklılaştığını ve ebeveynlerin çocuklarına sosyal değerleri, duygu düzenleme stratejilerini ve kültürel normları aktarmada çeşitli yöntemler kullandığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, ebeveynlik uygulamalarının alan özelinde sosyalleştirme yaklaşımının temel ilkeleriyle büyük ölçüde örtüştüğü, ancak bazı alanlarda kuramsal çerçevede öngörülmeyen eğilimlerin de ortaya çıktığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma, alan özelinde sosyalleştirme yaklaşımının günlük hayattaki yansımalarına dair kapsamlı bilgi sunmakta ve ebeveyn-çocuk etkileşimlerinin bağlamsal değişkenlere bağlı olarak nasıl şekillendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ebeveynlik
• sosyalleştirme alanları
• tümdengelimli içerik analizi

Kaynakça

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