AIDS Bilgi ve Tutum Ölçeklerinin Geliştirilmesi ve Psikometrik Özelliklerinin Sınanması

Öz

Bu çalışma, AIDS’e dair bilgi ve tutumları ölçmek için kullanılabilecek Türkiye’ye has iki ayrı ölçek geliştirmeyi ve bunları psikometrik açıdan değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir. Bu amaçla, 37 maddelik bir bilgi ölçeği ve 23 maddelik bir tutum ölçeği, İzmir’in farklı üniversitelerinde okuyan yaşları 17 ve üstü olan 1025 öğrenciye kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemi kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Bilgi ölçeğinin madde ve faktör analizlerinden sonra ölçekten 16 madde çıkarılmıştır. Oblik döndürme sonucu, varyansın %34’ünü açıklayan üç temel bileşen olduğunu göstermiştir. Bilgi ölçeğinin güvenirliğini sınamak için Kuder-Richardson-20 katsayısı hesaplanmış ve .76 olarak bulunmuştur. Tutum ölçeği için faktör analizi yapıldıktan sonra 6 madde çıkarılmıştır. Oblik döndürme, varyansın %42.43’ünü açıklayan iki temel bileşeni ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri .90 olarak bulunmuştur. İki ölçek arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde ise, AIDS konusunda daha fazla bilgiye sahip kişilerin AIDS’e karşı daha olumlu tutuma sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Özgün olarak geliştirilmiş 21 maddeden oluşan AIDS Bilgi ve 17 maddeden oluşan AIDS Tutum ölçeklerinin geçerlik ve güvenirliğine dair elde edilen bulgular, ölçeklerin ileride yapılacak araştırmalarda kullanılmak için uygun olduklarını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AIDS/HIV,üniversite öğrencileri,AIDS bilgi ölçeği,AIDS tutum ölçeği

Developing AIDS Knowledge and AIDS Attitude Scales and Assessing their Reliability and Validity

Öz

The present study aims to develop de novo scales to assess the level of knowledge of and attitude toward acquired immunodeficiency virus (AIDS) among the Turkish population. For this purpose, a 37-item knowledge scale and a 23-item attitude scale were developed and tested by using convenience sampling of undergraduate students (N = 1025) aged ≥17 years from five universities in Izmir. After evaluating item difficulty and item discrimination, 12 items were excluded, and during factor analyses, four additional items were omitted from the knowledge scale. Oblique rotation resulted in three underlying factors that explain 34% of the variance. As a reliability assessment, the Kuder–Richardson-20 coefficient was found to be .76. For the attitude scale, six items were omitted after factor analyses. Oblique rotation showed two underlying components that explained 42.43% of the variance. For internal reliability, Cronbach’s alpha was found as.90. Additionally, to test the relation between the scales, correlation analyses were performed, and it was found that the more knowledge of AIDS people have, the more positive their attitudes are toward it. As a conclusion, both a 21-item AIDS Knowledge scale and a 17-item AIDS Attitude scale have acceptable psychometric values and both can be used in future research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AIDS/HIV,university students,AIDS knowledge scale,AIDS attitude scale

Kaynakça

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