Yemeden Beklentiler Ölçeği ile Zayıflıktan ve Yemeyi Kısıtlamaktan Beklentiler Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması ve Psı̇kometrı̇k Özellı̇klerı̇nı̇n İncelenmesi

Öz

Yeme bozuklukları, en temelde aşırı yeme ve yiyeceği aşırı kısıtlama olmak üzere iki farklı davranış örüntüsü ile kendini göstermektedir. Yeme bozukluklarına uygun müdahale yaklaşımlarının geliştirilmesinde yeme davranışının altında yatan bilişsel, sosyal ve duygusal motivasyonların anlaşılması ve yeme ile ilgili belirli problemlerin daha iyi tanınması önemlidir. Bu bakımdan bu çalışmada yeme davranışı ile ne tür kazanımların hedeflendiğini değerlendiren Yemeden Beklentiler Ölçeği (EEI) ile diyet davranışı ve zayıflık isteğinin altındaki beklentileri değerlendiren Zayıflıktan ve Yemeyi Kısıtlamaktan Beklentiler Ölçeği’nin (TREI) Türkçeye uyarlanması ve ölçeklerin psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 329 kadın üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Söz konusu ölçeklere ek olarak, ölçeklerin yapı geçerliklerini sınamak amacıyla Yeme Bozuklukları Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Üç Faktörlü Yeme Ölçeği, Edinburgh Bulimiya Araştırma Testi ve Lezzetli Şeyler Yeme Nedenleri Ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Ölçekler için ayrı ayrı yürütülen doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri, EEI’nın Türkçe Formu (T-EEI) için beş faktör [χ2(94, N = 329) = 198,71 p <.000, χ2/df = 2.11, GFI =.93, NFI =.94, CFI = .97 RMSEA=.058]; TREI’nın Türkçe formu (T-TREI) için ise tek faktör [χ2 (2, N = 329) = 5,318 p <.000, χ2/df = 2.66, GFI =.99, NFI =.99, CFI = .99 RMSEA=.071] olmak üzere ölçeklerin orijinal faktörleri ile tutarlı yapıları ortaya koymuştur. Güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda, T-EEI’nın alt boyutları için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayılarının .75 ile .95 arasında, test-tekrar test güvenirlik değerlerinin ise .63 ile .83 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. T-TREI’nin Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısının .98, test tekrar test güvenirlik katsayısının ise .70 olduğu bulunmuştur. Ölçüm araçlarının yapı geçerliklerini sınamak amacıyla kullanılan ölçeklerle pozitif yönde anlamlı korelasyonlar elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, her iki ölçeğin de Türkçe formlarının geçerli ve güvenilir olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Alanyazınla tutarlı sonuçlardan hareketle, uyarlanan ölçüm araçlarının yeme bozuklukların teşhisi ve tedavisinde etkili birer değerlendirme aracı olarak kullanılabileceği önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yeme
• zayıflık
• beklentiler
• ölçek uyarlama
• psikometrik özellikler

Adaptation of the Eating Expectancy Inventory and Thinness and Restricting Expectancy Inventory to the Turkish, and Examination of Psychometric Properties

Öz

Understanding the cognitive, social, and emotional motivations underlying eating behaviors is important. Equally important, we must recognize eating-related problems sooner and more definitively to develop appropriate intervention programs. In this study, it was aimed to adapt two important inventories into Turkish. The first of these was the Eating Expectancy Inventory (EEI), which evaluates the different expectations underlying eating behavior. Also, adaptation of the Thinness and Restricting Expectancy Inventory (TREI), which evaluates the motivations underlying dietary behavior and thinness, into Turkish was aimed. Following the adaptation, their psychometric properties were examined. The sample consisted of 329 female undergraduate students. In addition to the previously mentioned inventories, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh, and Palatable Eating Motives Scale were used to test the construct validity of the adapted scales. Confirmatory factor analyses conducted separately revealed that both adapted scales have consistent factor structures with the original formats. For the Turkish form of EEI (T-EEI), five-factor [χ2 (94, N = 329) = 198,71 p <.000, χ2/df = 2.11, GFI =.93, NFI =.94, CFI = .97 RMSEA=.058]; for the Turkish form of TREI (T-TREI), one factor [χ2 (2, N = 329) = 5,318 p <.000, χ2/df = 2.66, GFI =.99, NFI =.99, CFI = .99 RMSEA=.071]. Reliability analyses showed that the internal consistency coefficients for the sub-dimensions of T-EEI ranged between .75 and .95, and the test–retest reliability scores ranged between .63 and .83. The study found that the internal consistency coefficient of T-TREI was .98, and its test–retest reliability coefficient was .70. Also, significant positive correlations were found between the scales used to test the construct validity and the measurement tools. Results showed that Turkish version of both inventories had good reliability and valid psychometric properties. Both adapted measures can be used as an effective assessment tool in diagnosing and treating of eating disorders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eating
• thinness
• expectancy
• scale adaptation
• psychometric properties

Kaynakça

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