100 Türkçe ve Makedonca Sözcüğün Duygusal Değerlik, Somutluk ve Kullanım Sıklığı Düzeyinin Karşılaştırmalı İncelenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 45 Sayı: 2, 147 - 175, 21.08.2025

Mevla Yahya , Simge Şişman Bal

https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2024-1545232

Öz

Sözcüklerin sıklık değerleri ve somutluk, imgelenebilirlik, duygusal değerlik veya uyarılmışlık gibi psikometrik özellikleri, başta deneysel ve bilişsel psikoloji araştırmaları olmak üzere psikolojinin birçok alanındaki çalışmalarda zihinsel süreçlerin işleyişini etkileyerek karıştırıcı etkiler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, araştırmalarda kullanılması planlanan sözcüklere dair özelliklerin tespit edilip olası etkilerinin kontrol edilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Türkçe sözcüklerin sıklık, somutluk, imgelenebilirlik, duygusal değerlik ve uyarılmışlık gibi özellikleri üzerine yapılmış çalışmalar bulunmakla birlikte, Makedonca alanyazında bu tür çalışmalar eksiktir. Dolayısıyla, Türkçe ve Makedonca karşılaştırmalı araştırmalar için kullanılabilecek bir veri seti bulunmamaktadır. Buradan hareketle, bu çalışmada Türkçe ve Makedonca sözcüklerin karşılıklı olarak duygusal değerlik, somutluk ve sıklık düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Amacı gerçekleştirmeye yönelik, öncelikle Türkçe alanyazınında mevcut olan Tekcan ve Göz’ün (2005) çalışmasından faydalanılarak görece yaygın kullanılan ve somut sözcüklerden oluşan bir Türkçe sözcük listesi oluşturulmuştur. Ardından, Makedonca sözcüklerin kullanım sıklığı hesaplanmış ve Türkçe listedeki sözcükler baz alınarak yaygın kullanılan Makedonca karşılıklarından oluşan ikinci bir liste hazırlanmıştır. Toplamda 100 Türkçe sözcüğün ve Makedonca karşılıklarının yer aldığı iki liste oluşturulmuştur. Türkçe listedeki sözcüklerin duygusal değerliği ve Makedonca listedeki sözcüklerin duygusal değerlik ve somutluk değerleri iki farklı örneklem ile ölçülmüştür. Türkçe sözcüklerin değerlendirmesi ana dili Türkçe ve yaş ortalaması 24.63 olan 70 katılımcı (46 kadın, 24 erkek), Makedonca sözcüklerin değerlendirmesi ise ana dili Makedonca ve yaş ortalaması 24.04 olan 60 katılımcı ile (39 kadın, 21 erkek) yürütülmüştür. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, Türkçe ve Makedonca dilleri için karşılaştırmalı olarak raporlanmış ve benzer güncel çalışmalar açısından detaylı bir şekilde tartışılmıştır. Mevcut araştırmanın, psikodilbilim alanında bir boşluğu doldurarak Makedonca dilindeki sözcüklerin psikometrik özelliklerini anlama ve Türkçe sözcüklerle karşılaştırmalı analizler yapma imkânı sağlaması bakımından önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkçe sözcük normları , Makedonca sözcük normları , kullanım sıklığı , duygusal değerlik , somutluk

A Comparative Investigation of the Emotional Valence, Concreteness, and Frequency of 100 Turkish and Macedonian Words

Öz

The frequency values of words and their psychometric properties, such as concreteness, imageability, emotional valence, and arousal, can lead to confounding effects by influencing mental processes in various psychology studies, especially in experimental and cognitive research. Thus, it is crucial to identify and control these word properties in research. Although there have been studies on the frequency, concreteness, imageability, emotional valence, and arousal of Turkish words, similar research is lacking in the Macedonian literature. Consequently, no data set is available for comparative research between Turkish and Macedonian. To address this, the present study aimed to determine and compare the emotional valence, concreteness, and frequency of Turkish and Macedonian words. An initial list of commonly used and concrete Turkish words was created on the basis of Tekcan and Göz (2005). Subsequently, the frequency of Macedonian words was calculated, and a list of commonly used Macedonian equivalents was compiled from the Turkish list. This resulted in two lists, each containing 100 Turkish words and their Macedonian equivalents. The emotional valence of the Turkish words and the emotional valence and concreteness of the Macedonian words were measured using two different samples. Turkish words were evaluated by 70 native Turkish speakers (46 female, 24 male) with a mean age of 24.63, while Macedonian words were evaluated by 60 native Macedonian speakers (39 female, 21 male) with a mean age of 24.04. The findings were reported compara tively for both languages and discussed considering recent studies. This research is significant for filling a gap in psycholinguistics, offering a means to understand Macedonian word properties and conduct comparative analyses with Turkish words.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkish word norms , Macedonian word norms , frequency , emotional valance , concreteness

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