KÜRESEL KALKINMA PARADİGMASININ EVRİMİNDE KURUMSAL ETKENLER VE DÜNYA BANKASI

Yıl 2009, Sayı: 41, 87 - 111, 22.11.2011

Sadık Ünay

Öz

Küresel kalkınma paradigmasının ulusal kalkınmacılıktan neoliberal küreselleşmeye uzanan
süreçte önemli dönüşümler ve kırılmalar geçirdiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, küresel
ekonomi politikteki hâkim güçler tarafından şekillendirilen ana akım kalkınma yaklaşımının
ekonomik milliyetçilik, korumacılık ve ithal ikameci sanayileşme unsurlarıyla desteklenen
ulusal kalkınmacılık yaklaşımından küresel ekonomi ile entegrasyon, devletin sosyoekonomik
alandaki ağırlığının azaltılması ve dışa açık büyüme stratejilerini önceleyen neoliberal
küreselleşme yaklaşımına geçiş süreci kurumsal etkenler özelinde değerlendirilmektedir.
Özellikle Dünya Bankası’nın küresel bir kalkınma söyleminin üretimi ve uygulanması
noktasında oynadığı rol ortaya konmakta ve Üçüncü Dünya’yı da derinden etkileyen
paradigmatik kaymaların oluşmasında Bretton Woods kuruluşları ile sanayileşmiş ülkelerin
materyal çıkarları arasındaki paralelliğe dikkat çekilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ulusal kalkınmacılık, neoliberal küreselleşme, Dünya Bankası, ithal ikameci sanayileşme, ekonomik liberalizasyon

Kaynakça

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