Changes of Scientific Productivity in Japan from 1975 to 2010: Focusing on Second-tier Research Universities* Kazunori Shima**

Öz

This study shows changes in scientific productivity in Japan. After Japan became the second largest country in science production in the 1990s, Japan’s position declined to fifth in 2010. National universities are the core of science production, and from 1995–2000, national universities, who are not among the top 10, expanded their number of articles published as much as those among the top 10 national universities. However, under decreases in basic governmental block grants from 2005 and the expansion of competitive funds, the number of articles published by universities who were not among the top 10 stagnated, especially, the number of articles published by second-tier research universities decreased. From this result, I show the importance of second-tier research universities for science production as a country; furthermore, I demonstrate that competitive funds are not a panacea for science production.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Scientific productivity,Japan,National university,Research university,Competitive funds,Block grants

Changes of Scientific Productivity in Japan from 1975 to 2010: Focusing on Second-tier Research Universities* Kazunori Shima**

Öz

Bu çalışmada Japonya’daki bilimsel üretimdeki değişimi konu edinmektedir. Japonya 90’larda ikinci büyük bilimsel üretim merkezi haline gelmesinin ardından, 2010’da beşinci sıraya kadar düşmüştür. Ulusal üniversiteler, bu bilimsel üretimin ana kurumlarıdır ve 1995-2000 arasında bu kurumlar, ki hiçbirisi ilk onda değildir, ilk ondaki ulusal üniversiteler kadar bilimsel makale yayımını arrttırmışlardır. Fakat, 2005 itibariyle devlet ödeneklerinin azalması ile ilk onda yer almayan üniversitelerde yayımlana makale sayısı sabitlenmiş, bilhassa ikinci sınıf üniversitelerce yayımlanan makale sayısı ise azalmıştır. Burada, ikinci sınıf üniversitelerin bir ülkenin bilimsel üretimi için ne denli önemli olduğunu ve rekabete dayalı fonların bilimsel üretime care olmadığını göstermekteyim.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bilimsel üretim, Japonya, Ulusal üniversite, araştırma üniversitesi, rekabete dayalı fonlar, Blok fonlar

Kaynakça

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