SOCIAL RESPONSES TO TURKEY'S RECENT ECONOMIC CRISES OF 2008-2010

Öz

The objective of this article is to discuss how the labor market can respond to challenges facing enterprises and workers during the crisis as well as the key ingredients of overcoming the crisis. Responses may be both of a macro and micro character. Following some introductory remarks, micro-level decent responses are introduced first. This is followed by examining national (macro) responses to the crisis, including financial and fiscal policy measures, labor market initiatives and social dialogue. The need for, and possibility of, coordinating through mutual adjustment at the national level increase especially in times of crisis, as the stakeholders come to recognize the necessity for system-wide solutions. Also, achieving consensus and comprehensiveness become more possible at higher levels. Thus, in the final analysis, stimulating economic recovery is important in making labor market adjustments with a view to prevent social crises and promote social cohesion, but the importance of taking adequate firm-level (using the terminology of the International Labor Office) “decent”, measures should not be overlooked either.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Crisis,Labor Market,Employment,Flexibility,“Decent” Responses

TÜRKİYE’DE 2008-2010 YILLARI ARASINDA YAŞANAN EKONOMİK KRİZE KARŞI SOSYAL YANITLAR

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı, kriz dönemlerinde işgücü piyasasında işletmeler ve işçilerin karşılaştıkları sorunlara ne gibi çözümler aranabileceğini ve yaşanılan krizin aşılmasına yönelik temel önlemlerin neler olabileceğini tartışmaktır. Geliştirilen tepkiler makro veya mikro karakterde olabilir. Kriz zamanlarında özellikle ihtiyaç duyulan ve ulusal düzeyde geliştirilen uyumlu ve koordineli çalışmalar önem kazanır. Sosyal paydaşlar bu gibi durumlarda geniş kapsamlı sistemli çözümler üretmenin gerekliliğini kabul etmektedir. Ayrıca, fikir birliğine varmak ve kapsayıcılık yüksek kademelerde daha kolay hale gelmektedir. Böylece, sosyal krizleri önlemek amacıyla işletmeler içinde ve dışında yeterli önlemleri alarak sosyal uyumu teşvik etmek ve işgücü piyasasında gerekli düzenlemeleri yapmak, ekonomik iyileşme sağlamak için önemli hale gelmektedir. Makalede giriş bölümünün ardından, önce mikro düzeyde uygulanabilecek tepkiler tanıtılmaktadır. Daha sonra, kriz sırasında uygulanan işgücü piyasası girişimleri ve sosyal diyalog dahil olmak üzere finans ve maliye politikası önlemleri gibi ulusal (makro) yanıtlar incelenmektedir. Bu incelemede mikro-işletme düzeyinde alınabilecek (Uluslararası Çalışma Örgütü terminolojisi ile) daha “insana yaraşır” önlemlere de yer verilmiştir.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kriz,İşgücü Piyasası,İstihdam,Esneklik,“İnsana Yaraşır” Tepkiler

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