The Place of R&D and Education Policies in South Korea’s Economic Development

Yıl 2018, Sayı: 74, 51 - 64, 12.07.2018

Aslı Kavurmacı

Öz

Undoubtedly, one of the influential factors in the economic development of a country is its educated and skilled human resources. A meaningful relationship between education and level of development has required countries to determine a national science and technology policy. In this context, it would not be wrong to argue that increased intellectual capital, high numbers of published scientific articles, number of patents set in universities and research centers, and expenditures of R&D affect the level of a country’s development in terms of intellectual context. Aiming to create a qualified workforce with the guidance of technology and education, Korea puts this goal into practice by following the innovations in all education levels from primary education to university level and by giving priority to these innovations in most cases. Briefly, the aim of this study is to emphasize that education and R&D policies have been an important driving force behind Korea’s development. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

South Korea, Educational policies, R&D policies, Economic developments

Güney Kore’nin Ekonomik Gelişiminde Ar-Ge ve Eğitim Politikalarının Yeri

Öz

Hiç kuşkusuz ki ülkelerin ekonomik açıdan kalkınmalarının en önemli etkenlerinden biri eğitim ve sahip oldukları nitelikli insan kaynağıdır. Eğitim düzeyi ile kalkınma arasındaki anlamlı ilişki, ülkelerin ulusal bir bilim ve teknoloji politikası belirlemesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu bağlamda entelektüel sermayenin arttırılması, daha fazla bilimsel makalenin yayınlanması, üniversite ve araştırma merkezlerinde ortaya koyulan patent sayısının yükselmesi, araştırma ve geliştirme harcamalarının arttırılması ülkelerin insan sermayesi bağlamında gelişmişlik düzeylerinin bir göstergesi olduğunu savunmak yanlış olmayacaktır. Teknoloji ve eğitimin rehberliği ile nitelikli bir işgücü yaratmayı hedefleyen Kore, ilköğretimden üniversiteye kadar tüm eğitim düzeylerindeki yenilikleri takip ederek ve çoğu durumda bu yeniliklere öncelik vererek uygulamaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı özetle, eğitimin ve Ar-Ge politikalarının, Kore’nin gelişiminin ardındaki önemli bir itici güç olduğunu vurgulamaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Güney Kore, Eğitim politikaları, AR-GE politikaları, Ekonomik gelişme

Kaynakça

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