Bizans Döneminde Bağdat Yolu (Üsküdar- İzmit Arası)

Öz

The Road of Baghdad in the Byzantine Period (Üsküdar-İzmit)

Öz

The past of historical road that connects Constantinople to interior of
Anatolia and called “The Road of Baghdad” during the Ottoman period,
dates back to Roman times. On this important road that was used by the
military, commercial caravans and other passengers, there were large and
small settlements, castles, range khans, social structures, summer palaces
and villas.

This road starts from Khrysopolis (Üsküdar), passes from Khalkedon
(Kadıköy) and goes in parallel to the northern shore of the Propontis (Sea
of Marmara). It was passing from Ruphinianus (Caddebostan) that was developed around a summer palace and Poleatikon (Bostancı). Later, passing
near from the complex building that is defined as “Palace of Brias” (probably
Monastery of Satyros), there were on the route: Kartalimen (Kartal),
Panteikhion (Pendik), Kosilaos (Kaynarca), Akritas (Tuzla). Afterward,
there were three fortifications that provided security around this road:
Philokrene (Bayramoğlu), Ritzion (Darıca) and Eskihisar (Niketiaton?) at
the seaside of Dakibyza (Gebze). Further to the east, Aioialoi that was
situated at the seaside of Libyssa town was an important pier to cross the
shore. After, Kharaks (Hereke) that has a castle and Brunga (Yarımca) that
is resort town was reached to Nikomedia (İzmit). After this, the main road
went on different directions.