SAHİL BÖLGESİNDE CEZAYİR’İN GÜVENLİK YAKLAŞIMI: MALİ ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 27 Sayı: 1, 305 - 325, 21.06.2017

Muhammed Tandoğan , Omar Bouacha

https://doi.org/10.18345/iuturkiyat.322906

Öz

Afrika’daki Sahil bölgesinin güvenlik sorunları ve özellikle Mali krizi, bu

bölgeyi Cezayir’in dış politikadaki endişelerinin merkezine oturttu. Uzun yıllar

boyunca, Sahil bölgesinde istikrarlı ve güvenli bir ortam kurmak için çaba

gösteren Cezayir, çok önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Son yıllarda zayıf merkezi

yönetimler, siyasi istikrarsızlık ve kırılgan güvenlik yapısı, bu bölgenin en

önemli vasıflarından biri haline gelmiştir. Ayrıca Afrika’daki Sahil bölgesi, doğal

kaynaklar açısından zengin bir bölge olması nedeniyle dünyanın ekonomik

güçleri arasındaki mücadele ve uluslararası rekabet bu bölgede giderek

artmaktadır. Dolayısıyla böyle durumlarda, bu bölgede var olan devletlerin

krizden kurtulabilmesi için Cezayir, en iyi araç olarak diyalogu ve güçlü merkezi

hükümetler kurmak noktasında teşvik edici olmaktadır. Bu sebeple, Mali

gibi komşu ülkeler, bu bölgedeki siyasi krizlerin ve güvenlik problemlerinin

çözümünde Cezayir’in kilit bir rol üstlenmesini önemsemektedirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Afrika, Cezayir, Mali, Güvenlik, Sahel bölgesi

THE ALGERIAN SECURITY APPROACH TOWARDS THE SAHEL REGION: CASE OF MALI

Öz

The Sahel security issues in Africa and the Malian crisis in particular have

brought the region to the center of the Algerian foreign policy concerns. Algiers

has been an indispensable provider of stability in the African Sahel. In recent

years, weak governances, political instability and fragile security have become

common features of the Sahelian states. The large quantity of natural resources

of the Sahel has paved a road for foreign intervention and increasing rivalry

among the world economic powers across the region. In order to safeguard the

long-term security in its backyard, in many times the Algerian leaderships have

promoted state-building and dialogue as the best ways to lift states of the Sahel

out of crisis. Neighboring countries like Mali are looking to Algiers to play an

effective role in leading conflict management efforts in the region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Africa, Algeria, Mali, Security, The Sahel Region

Kaynakça

• ABU-EYEN, Mahmoud, African Strategic Report (2006/2007), Institute of African Studies, Cairo, 2007.
• ADAM, Bernard, Mali : de l’intervention militaire française à la reconstruction de l’État, Groupe de recherche et d’information sur la paix et la sécurité, Bruxelles, 2013.
• ARIEFF, Alexis, “Crisis in Mali”, Congressional Research Service, Report Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress US, 1-21, Available on: https://fas. org/sgp/crs/row/R42664.pdf, 2013.
• BACH, Daniel, State and Society in Francophone Africa since Independence, Macmillan, London, 1995.
• BARLUET, Alain, “Au Sahel, l’opération Barkhane remplace Serval”, Le Figaro, viewed 28/12/2016, Available on: http://www.lefigaro.fr/international/2014/0 7/13/0100320140713ARTFIG00097-au-sahel-l-operation-barkhane-remplaceserval. php, 2014.
• BOUHANIA, Goui, Algerian strategy toward the security evolution in the African Sahel, Al Jazeera Centre for Studies, Qatar, 2012.
• BOUKHARS, Anouar, The Paranoid Neighbor: Algeria and the Conflict in Mali, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, 2012.
• BOURGEOT, André, “Identité Touarègue: De l’Aristocratie à la Révolution”, Études rurales, No. 120, October- December, 1990.
• BOYLE, Ashley S., Mali: A Timeline & Factsheet, American Security Project (ASP), Washington, 2012.
• EL-AYEB, Salim, “La diplomatie algérienne dans le cadre de l’union africaine”, Thèse de master, Université de Batna Hadj Lakhder, Batna, 2013.
• ERLANGER, Steven, Alan COWELL and Adam NOSSITER, “Malian Town Falls to Islamist Rebels, France Says”, The New York Times, January 14, 2013.
• ESSOUNGOU, André-Michel, “The Sahel: One region, many crises”, Africa Renewal, December 2013, viewed 02/12/2016, http://www.un.org/africarenewal/ magazine/december-2013/sahel-one-region-many-crises, 2013.
• HARMON, Stephen, “Securitization Initiatives in the Sahara-Sahel Region in the Twenty-first Century”, African Security, Vol. 8, Issue 4: Rethinking Challenges to State Sovereignty in Mali and Northwest Africa, 2015, 227-248.
• HOLSTI, K. J., International Politics: A Framework for Analysis, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1995.
• KEENAN, Jeremy, “US militarization in Africa: What anthropologists should know about AFRICOM”, Anthropology Today, Vol. 24, Issue. 5, October, 2008, s. 16-20.
• KEENAN, Jeremy, The Dark Sahara: America’s War on Terror in Africa, Pluto Press, New York, 2009.
• KEENAN, Jeremy, The Dying Sahara: US Imperialism and Terror in Africa, Pluto Press, New York, 2013.
• LACHER, Wolfram, “Organized Crime and conflict in the Sahel-Sahara Region”, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Washington, 2012.
• LACOSTE, Yve, “Sahara: perspectives et illusions géopolitiques”, Revue Hérodote, 142 (3), 2011.
• LYAMMOURI, Rida, Northern Mali: Armed Groups, State Failure, and Terrorism, Homeland Security Policy Institute (HSPI), Washington, 2013.
• “Mali rebels agree to respect ‘national unity”, Aljazeera, viewed 21/12/2016, Available on: http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/12/201212420515159568.html
• MASLOUH, Karim, Security in the Sahel-Sahara Region in Africa, Abu Dhabi, The Emirates Center for Strategic Studies and Research, 2014.
• MILOJEVIĆ, Momir, “The principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of states”, Law and Politics, Vol. 1, No. 4, 2000.
• MODELSKI, George, A Theory of Foreign Policy, Pall Mall Press, London, 1962. OYEBADE, Adebayo, The United States’ Foreign Policy Africa in the 21st Century Issues and Perspectives, Carolina Academic Press, North Carolina, 2014.
• PEZARD, Stephanie and Michael SHURKIN, “Achieving Peace in Northern Mali: Past Agreements, Local Conflicts, and the Prospects for a Durable Settlement”, Research Report, National Defense Research Institute (RAND), California, 2015.
• POTTS, Malcolm and others, Crisis in the Sahel: Possible Solutions and the Consequences of Inaction, African Institute for Development Policy, California, 2013.
• REEVE, R., “Devils in the detail: implementing Mali’s new peace accord”, Oxford Research Group, p. 1-5, Available on, 2015.
• https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/189574/ORGMar15BriefingDevilsInTheDetailMali.pdf RODMAN, David, “Israel’s National Security Doctrine: an introductory overview”, Middle East Review of International Affairs, Vol. 5, No. 3, September, 2001.
• RUSSETT, Bruce and Harvey STARR, World Politics: The Menu for Choice, Wadsworth, Boston, 2013.
• Sahel Region, “AQMI, menace majeure qui pèse sur la région du Sahel”, Tchad Infos. com, viewed 17/04/2017, 2016.
• http://tchadinfos.com/afrique/aqmi-menace-majeure-qui-pese-sur-la-region-du-sahel/ SHURKIN, Michael, “France’s War in Mali: Lessons for an Expeditionary Army”, Research Report, National Defense Research Institute (RAND), California, 2014.
• TANDOĞAN, Muhammed, “The Tawarek Society Bridging The South and North of Africa and Their Strategic Locations: The Ottoman-Tawarek Relations”, Ph.D. Dissertation, İstanbul University, Institute of Social Sciences, İstanbul, 2015.
• “The dialogue and the refusing of the armed intervention”, Elbilad, viewed 10/12/2016: http://www.elbilad.net/archives/59744
• “The military intervention in Mali”, Al Arabiya, viewed 28/12/2016, Available on: http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/10/29/246545.html
• UNITED NATIONS, Conference on trade and development, The UNCTAD handbook of statistics, United Nations Publication, New York, 2009.
• UNITED NATIONS, Development Programme, Human Development Report- Sustainability and Equity: A Better Future for All, viewed 23/01/2016, Available on, 2011.
• http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2011_EN_Complete.pdf
• UNITED NATIONS, Report of the Secretary General on the situation in the Sahel region, Security Council, New York, 2013.
• VERSCHAVE, François-Xavier, La Françafrique: Le Plus Long Scandale de la République, Éditions Stock, Paris, 1998.
• WIKLUND, Cecilia Hull and Claes NILSSON, Peace in Mali? An analysis of the 2015 Algiers agreement and its implementation, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Stockholm, 2016.
• ZIYANI, Salah, “Transformations of the Algerian security doctrine in light of the growing threats of globalization”, Thinker Review, Vol. 5, March, 2010.