Psikolojik Sağlamlık, Tükenmişlik, Algılanan Covid-19 Bulaşılabilirliği Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Akademik Personel Üzerinde Bir Uygulama

Öz

İlk olarak 2019 yılının sonunda görülen ve 2020 Mart’ta pandemi ilan edilen covid-19’un birçok sektör çalışanında psikolojik sorunlar doğurduğu bir gerçektir. Bu oluşan psikolojik sorunlar tükenmişliği de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu iki değişken ile incelenen bir başka durum ise covid-19 hastalığına yönelik algılanan bulaşı düzeyidir. Bütün bu sebeplerden dolayı, bu çalışmanın amacı psikolojik sağlamlık, tükenmişlik ve algılanan covid-19 bulaşılabilirliği arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu ilişkilerin de eğitim seviyesi yüksek grup olan akademik personel örneklemi üzerinden alana kazandırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Türkiye’de hizmet veren 468 akademik personele ulaşılmıştır. Bu kişilere çevrimiçi anket kullanılarak ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri SPSS ve AMOS paket programları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda modelin uyum sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Psikolojik sağlamlık, tükenmişlik ve algılanan covid-19 bulaşılabilirliği arasında ilişkinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikolojik Sağlamlık
• Tükenmişlik
• Algılanan Covid-19 Bulaşılabilirliği
• Covid-19
• Akademik Personel

Öz

It is a fact that Covid-19, which was first seen at the end of 2019 and declared a pandemic in March 2020, caused psychological problems for many sector employees. These psychological problems also lead to burnout. Another situation examined with these two variables is the perceived level of contamination for covid-19 disease. For all these reasons, the purpose of this study was determined to examine the relationships between psychological resilience, burnout and perceived covid-19 contagiousness. It is aimed to bring these relationships to the field through a sample of academic personnel, a group with a high level of education. For this purpose, 468 academic staff serving in Turkey were reached. These people were reached using an online survey. The data of the study were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS package programs. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the model was compatible. It has been determined that there is a relationship between psychological resilience, burnout and perceived covid-19 contagiousness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psychologıcal Resılıence
• Burnout
• Perceived Covid-19 Transmissibility
• Covid-19
• Academic Staff

Kaynakça

1. Akçay, G., & Özdemir, E. (2018). Satış Elemanlarının Cinsiyet Kimliğinin Satış Performansı Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Biyolojik Cinsiyetin Düzenleyici Rolü: Perakendecilik Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Social Science Studies Journal, 4(27), 5983-6001.
2. Ariyo, J. O., Akinnawo, E. O., Akpunne, B. C., Kumuyi, D. O., & Onisile, D. F. (2022). An Investigation of Associations and Incidence of Anxiety, Depression, Perceived Vulnerability to Diseases, and Fear of COVID-19 Among Nigerian Health Care Workers. Archives of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 10(1).
3. Bozdağ, F. (2020). Pandemi Sürecinde Psikolojik Sağlamlık. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(6).
4. Çam, O. (1993). Tükenmişlik Envanterinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirliğinin Araştırılması. VII. Ulusal Psikoloji Kongresi Bilimsel Çalışmaları, Türk Psikologlar Derneği Yayını, s: 155-160, Ankara.
5. Chen, Y., Zhang, L., Qi, H., You, W., Nie, C., Ye, L., & Xu, P. (2022). Relationship Between Negative Emotions and Job Burnout in Medical Staff During the Prevention and Control of the COVID-19 Epidemic: The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13.
6. Church, L. D., Bounoua, N., Rodriguez, S. N., Bredemeier, K., & Spielberg, J. M. (2022). Longitudinal relationships between COVID-19 preventative behaviors and perceived vulnerability to disease. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 88, 102561.
7. De Coninck, D., d'Haenens, L., & Matthijs, K. (2020). Perceived vulnerability to disease and attitudes towards public health measures: COVID-19 in Flanders, Belgium. Personality and Individual Differences, 166, 110220.
8. Do Bú, E. A., de Alexandre, M. E. S., Rezende, A. T., & Bezerra, V. A. D. S. (2021). Perceived vulnerability to disease: adaptation and validation of the PVD-br. Current Psychology, 1-14.

9. Erdoğan, P. (2021). İş tatmini ile tükenmişlik ilişkisi: Bir meta-analiz çalışması. Business & Management Studies: An International Journal, 9(2), 405-425.
10. Ergin, C. (1992). Doktor ve Hemşirelerde Tükenmişlik ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeğinin Uyarlanması, 7. UluMsal psikoloji Kongresi Bilimsel Çalışmaları, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara, 143-154.
11. Erkoç, B., & Danış, M. Z. (2020). Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeylerinin Tespit Edilmesine Yönelik Bir Araştırma. Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 34-42.
12. Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, Journal of Marketing Research, 48, 39-50
13. Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic journal of business research methods, 6(1), pp53-60. https://istatistik.yok.gov.tr/e.t:29.08.2022
14. Kananian, S., Al-Sari, S., & Stangier, U. (2022). Perceived vulnerability to disease, knowledge and preventive behavior related to COVID-19 in Farsi and Arabic-speaking refugees. Journal of immigrant and minority health, 24(5), 1245-1250.
15. Magallares, A., Jauregui-Lobera, I., Carbonero-Carreño, R., Ruiz-Prieto, I., Bolaños-Ríos, P., & Cano-Escoriaza, A. (2015). Perceived vulnerability to disease and antifat attitudes in a sample of children and teenagers. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 20(4), 483-489.
16. Mallett, R., Coyle, C., Kuang, Y., & Gillanders, D. T. (2021). Behind the masks: A cross-sectional study on intolerance of uncertainty, perceived vulnerability to disease and psychological flexibility in relation to state anxiety and wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 22, 52-62.
17. Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E. (1981). The Measurement of Experienced Burnout, Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2, 99-113.
18. Mealer, M., Jones, J., Newman, J., McFann, K. K., Rothbaum, B., & Moss, M. (2012). The presence of resilience is associated with a healthier psychological profile in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: results of a national survey. International journal of nursing studies, 49(3), 292-299.
19. Munro, B. H. (2005). Statistical methods for health care research (Vol. 1). lippincott williams & wilkins Okray, Z. (2018). Akademisyenlerin tükenmişlik düzeyleri: Sistematik bir derleme. Uluslararası Bilimsel Araştırmalar Dergisi (IBAD), 3(1), 163-180.
20. Öz, F. & Bahadır Yelmez, E. (2009). Ruh sağlığının korunmasında önemli bir kavram: Psikolojik sağlamlık. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3), 82-89.
21. Padmanabhanunni, A., & Pretorius, T. (2021). “I Teach, Therefore I Am”: The Serial Relationship between Perceived Vulnerability to Disease, Fear of COVID-19, Teacher Identification and Teacher Satisfaction. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(24), 13243.
22. Padmanabhanunni, A., Pretorius, T. B., Stiegler, N., & Bouchard, J. P. (2022, January). A serial model of the interrelationship between perceived vulnerability to disease, fear of COVID-19, and psychological distress among teachers in South Africa. In Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique (Vol. 180, No. 1, pp. 23-28). Elsevier Masson.
23. Pretorius, T. B., Padmanabhanunni, A., Isaacs, S. A., & Jackson, K. (2022). Perceived Vulnerability to Disease and the Relationship with Teacher Satisfaction in South Africa during COVID-19: The Serial Role of Burnout, Role Conflict, and Ambiguity. Behavioral Sciences, 12(6), 160.
24. Ran, L., Wang, W., Ai, M., Kong, Y., Chen, J., & Kuang, L. (2020). Psychological resilience, depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in response to COVID-19: A study of the general population in China at the peak of its epidemic. Social Science & Medicine, 262, 113261.
25. Schumacher, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A beginners guide to structural equation modeling: SEM. NewJersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
26. Stewart, M., Reid, G., & Mangham, C. (1997). Fostering children's resilience. Journal of pediatric nursing, 12(1), 21-31.
27. Uler, E. (2020). Tükenmişlik ve örgütsel tükenmişlik üzerine literatür taraması. Balkan and Near Eastern Journal of Social Sciences, 6, 36-43.
28. Ulukan, M. (2020). Öğretmenlerin Mutluluk İle Psikolojik Sağlamlık Düzeyleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi. Journal of International Social Research, 13(73).
29. Üngüren, E., & Kaçmaz, Y. Y. (2022). Does COVID-19 pandemic trigger career anxiety in tourism students? Exploring the role of psychological resilience. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 30, 100369.
30. Yelboga, N., Aydin, S., & Isik, A. (2022). A Study to Examine the Relationship Between Fear of COVID-19, Psychological Resilience, and Life Satisfaction. Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry and Psychology, 180-188.
31. Yıldırım, M., & Arslan, G. (2020). Exploring the associations between resilience, dispositional hope, preventive behaviours, subjective well-being, and psychological health among adults during early stage of COVID-19. Current psychology, 1-11.
32. Yi, L. J., Liu, Y., Tang, L., Cheng, L., Wang, G. H., Hu, S. W., ... & Jiménez-Herrera, M. F. (2022). A Bibliometric Analysis of the Association Between Compassion Fatigue and Psychological Resilience From 2008 to 2021. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 890327.