Assessing the Effects of Clove Oil on Gas and Methane Production of Some Roughages Using In Vitro Gas Production Technique

Öz

This study aimed to examine the effects of fermentation parameters on adding clove oil to oat straw, alfalfa hay, and maize silage at a 3% dry matter basis. In vitro gas production, methane production (CH4), metabolic energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEL), and organic matter digestion (OMD) were all influenced by the addition of clove oil to oat straw, alfalfa hay, and maize silage (P<0.001). The in vitro gas production, CH4 (mL), CH4 (%), ME, NEL, and OMD of roughages were found to be between 29.48-48.31 mL, 4.95-8.37 mL, 15.11-19.96%, 6.53-9.68 MJ kg-1 DM, 3.59-5.79 MJ kg-1 DM, and 41.03-57.64%, respectively. When roughage samples with and without addition were compared, clove oil supplementation decreased net gas production values by 10 to 28% (P<0.001). The CH4 of roughages with and without clove oil was examined. A reduction of 1.31, 2.67, and 3.12 was observed on a mL basis, to 11.64, 12.17, and 15.23% on a % methane basis, respectively. At ME, NEL, and OMD values calculated with gas production values and chemical composition data, the lowest values were found in oat straw with clove oil added, and the highest in alfalfa hay without additions (P<0.001). As a consequence, the gas production values of the roughages decreased significantly with the addition of clove oil. However, the decrease had no anti-methanogenic effect on CH4, one of the greenhouse gases released by ruminants. The use of clove oil in addition to roughage to decrease gas and methane production may be advised, although the effect on total mixed rations or animals should be examined further through in situ and in vivo investigations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Clove oil
• Gas production
• In vitro
• Methane
• Roughage

Kaynakça

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