Araştırma Makalesi

Akarsu Kıyı Kenar Çizgisinin Sel ve Taşkın İçin Önemi

Sayı: 13 15 Ekim 2024
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Importance of the river coastline for flash floods and floods

Abstract

Flash floods and floods are hazards originating from natural events and/or human activities. They are characterized as disasters according to their consequences and the extent of their consequences. Over the last few decades, the frequency of flash flood and flood disasters has been increasing. Human beings are responsible for this increase, as well as the impact of climate change. Since natural phenomena cannot be intervened, a number of practices can be implemented to prevent flash floods and floods, and if they cannot be prevented, to prevent them from turning into disasters. One of them is to consider the river's coastline in terms of land use and planning along the river. This study aims to emphasize the importance of river banks, river coastlines, and related scientific processes in preventing flash floods and flood hazards and preventing them from turning into disasters if they cannot be prevented through the examples of Bozkurt (Kastamonu) and Babaçay (Ayancık, Sinop) flood disasters on August 11, 2021, and Dereli (Giresun) flood disasters on August 22, 2020. Within the scope of the research, Coastal Law No. 3621, Decrees with the force of law and related regulations, and some other laws related to the coasts of rivers have been reviewed. Scientific definitions of river coasts, types of river coasts, scientific definitions and characteristics of river coastlines, geomorphological definitions, and explanations related to the subject were included. Geomorphological field observations and measurements have been carried out periodically in the last three years in the areas where Bozkurt, Babaçay, and Dereli flashflood disasters occurred. In addition, 1/25000 scale topography maps and high-resolution aerial photographs of the pre-flood and post-flood dates of all three areas obtained from the Directorate General For Mapping, Google Earth Pro and HGM Sphere applications were utilized. As a result of the investigations, it was determined that in the settlements where all three flash flood and flood disasters were experienced, concrete flood prevention embankments were built in the natural river channel, the water carrying capacity of the river channel was reduced, the natural river channel was allocated for constructions in such a way that the natural river coastlines remained in the inner parts of the settlements. The river caused flash flood and flood disasters by spreading into its natural channel and continuing its flow before reaching the flood flow. Coastal Law No. 3621, Decrees having the force of law and related regulations should cover all coasts, including sea, river, natural, and artificial lake coasts. This content should be created with a scientific approach within the framework of coastal geomorphology, coastal morphodynamic processes, and hydrographic, and hydrological principles. It should be applied without compromise in the planning and managing of all coastal areas. If this approach is adopted for river coasts as well, successful results will be obtained in preventing flash floods and floods, and if not, preventing their consequences from turning into disasters.

Keywords

Coastal law , River coast , River coastline , Flash flood and flood , Bozkurt , Ayancık , Dereli

Kaynakça

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Kaynak Göster

APA
Turoglu, H. (2024). Akarsu Kıyı Kenar Çizgisinin Sel ve Taşkın İçin Önemi. Jeomorfolojik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 13, 94-110. https://doi.org/10.46453/jader.1545943