Determination of the usability of jam factory fruit-vegetable wastes in silage making
Abstract
Recently, many countries have focused on utilizing industrial food residues to reduce environmental pollution. The utilization of waste products as animal feed is important in terms of being a cheap feed source and preventing environmental pollution. This study was carried out with the aim of preventing the waste from turning into garbage and increasing the feed value of the straw by making silage with wheat straw of the pulp and wastes left from the fruits and vegetables (strawberry, mulberry and carrot) used by the jam factory located in the organized industrial zone of Bingöl province. The residues of strawberry (S), mulberry (M) and carrot (C) were mixed with wheat straw (10%, 20% and 30%) and urea (0.5%) in different proportions and silaged using plastic drums. After an average fermentation period of 100 days, the silages were opened. The pH, dry matter (DM), fleig score values, ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), Ca, Mg, P and K contents were determined. As a result of the study, it was determined that the ideal pH values were obtained from S10 and S20 and the ideal DM values were obtained from S20, C10, C20 and C30 treatments and all treatments except C10 and C20 treatments were in the I-excellent class, which is the best value in terms of fleig score. It was determined that the lowest ADF and highest crude protein ratios were obtained from M10, the lowest NDF and highest crude ash ratios were obtained from M10, M20 and M30, the highest Ca and P ratios were obtained from S10 and C10, and the highest Mg and K ratios were obtained from all mulberry group silages. In line with this information, it was concluded that all three plant production wastes to which straw was added can be used in silage production.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) within the scope of 2209-B project numbered “1139B412300458”.
Project Number
2209-B/ 1139B412300458
Ethical Statement
Peer-review
Externally peer-reviewed.
Declaration of Interests
There is no conflict of interest between the authors in this study.
Author contribution
Conception and design of the study: HŞİ, ST, EÇ, Eİ; sample collection: HŞİ, Eİ; analysis and interpretation of data: HŞİ, EÇ ; statistical analysis: HŞİ, EÇ; visualization: HŞİ, ST,EÇ; writing manuscript: HŞİ, EÇ.
Ethics committee approval
We declare that there is no need for an ethics committee for this research.
Thanks
This study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) within the scope of 2209-B project numbered “1139B412300458”. We would also like to thank Lizaz Jam factory (Probin İlaç Kimya Gıda San. ve Ltd. Şti) for their contribution and support.
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