Investigation of Agronomic and Physiological Performances of Different Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars in Denizli Ecology
Abstract
In this study, agronomic, morphological, and physiological characteristics of 10 different peanut (A. hypogaea L.) cultivars were comparatively examined. Significant differences were detected among cultivars in terms of yield, pod and seed characteristics, shelling ratio, chlorophyll content, leaf area index, and oil content. The 'Florispan' cultivar had the highest yield (485.24 kg da-1), while the 'Halisbey' cultivar stood out with both high yield (476.91 kg da-1) and the highest oil content (57.28%). Correlation analysis showed a positive relationship between yield and leaf area index during flowering (r=0.21), and a negative relationship between yield and first-quality pod ratio (r=-0.31). Additionally, very strong positive correlations were found between 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight (r=0.91), and between oil content and chlorophyll b content during pod formation (r=0.59). Cluster analysis divided the cultivars into two main groups: Group X (Florispan, Sultan, Çom, Gazipaşa, Halisbey) included yield-focused cultivars, while Group Y (Masal, Georgia Green, Osmaniye-2005, Rigel, NC-7) contained quality-focused cultivars. Similarly, the examined characteristics were divided into two main clusters; Cluster A included yield and morphological characteristics, while Cluster B grouped physiological characteristics and oil content. Our findings emphasize that peanut cultivar selection should be made according to production purpose and highlight the importance of considering physiological characteristics' effects on yield and quality in breeding programs.
Keywords
References
- Anonymous. (2018). Western Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute Directorate, Antalya.
- Anonymous. (2025). Denizli Provincial Meteorology Directorate, Denizli.
- Arıoğlu, H. H., Bakal, H., Güllüoğlu, L., Kurt, C., & Onat, B. (2016). Determination of important agronomic and quality characteristics of some peanut varieties grown under main crop conditions. Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 25(Special issue-2), 24-29. https://doi.org/10.21566/tarbitderg.281656
- Arıoğlu, H., Bakal, H., Gulluoglu, L., Onat, B., & Kurt, C. (2018). The effect of harvesting dates on some agronomic and quality characteristics of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties grown as a main crop in Mediterranean region (Turkey). Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 23(1), 27-37. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.414856
- Arunyanark, A., Jogloy, S., Akkasaeng, C., Vorasoot, N., Kesmala, T., Nageswara Rao, R. C., Wright, G. C., & Patanothai, A. (2008). Chlorophyll stability is an indicator of drought tolerance in peanut. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194(2), 113-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-037X.2008.00299.x
- Aşık, F. F., Yıldız, R., & Arıoğlu, H. H. (2018). Determination of new peanut varieties suitable for Osmaniye conditions and their important agricultural and quality characteristics. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University Journal of Agriculture and Nature, 21(6), 825-836. https://doi.org/10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.452842
- Awal, M. A., & Ikeda, T. (2002). Recovery strategy following the imposition of episodic soil moisture deficit in stands of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 188(3), 185-192. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-037X.2002.00558.x
- Aydoğan, S., & Soylu, S. (2017). Determination of yield and yield components and some quality characteristics of bread wheat varieties. Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 26(1), 24-30. https://doi.org/10.21566/tarbitderg.323568
- Bakal, H., Onat, B., Arioğlu, H., & Güllüoğlu, L. (2022). The effect of sowing dates on the pod yield and some agronomic and quality characteristics of ‘Virginia’-type peanut variety ‘Halisbey’in the Mediterranean environment. Plant introduction, (93/94), 27-36.
- Beycioglu, T. (2022). Genotype-Environment Interactions Regarding The Yield and Yield Components of Different Peanut Varieties Under Eastern Mediterranean Region Conditions, Estimates of The Heritability, and Research on The Environmental Compatibility of Varieties. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, PhD Thesis, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, 218 pp.
