Karadeniz'in Türkiye Kıyılarında İstilacı Mavi Yengecin Yayılış Alanının ve Boyut Aralığının Genişlemesi

Yıl 2024, , 127 - 131, 31.03.2024

Mehmet Aydın , Uğur Karadurmuş , Bülent Verep , Ahmet Mutlu Gözler

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1431081

Öz

Mavi yengeç (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896), Batı Atlantik Okyanusu'na özgü bir euryhaline türdür. Ancak yayılma alanını Türkiye'nin kıyı suları da dahil olmak üzere Karadeniz'e kadar genişlemiştir. Mavi yengeç örnekleri, Türkiye'nin Karadeniz kıyısında, Taşkana Burnu'ndan Gürcistan sınırına kadar uzanan alanı kapsayan alanda örneklendi. İzleme çalışmaları 2017'den 2024'e kadar olan dönemi kapsıyordu. 16 örneğin analizi, kabuk genişliğinin 14,8 ila 20,3 cm arasında olduğunu ve erkeklerin dişilere göre daha büyük boyutlara sahip olduğunu ortaya koydu. Özellikle, örneklenen dişilerden ikisinin yumurta taşıdığı gözlemlendi ve bu da bölgedeki üreme başarısını kanıtladı. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda 20,33 cm kabuk genişliğinde ve 565,1 g ağırlığında, Karadeniz'in Türkiye kıyılarında şimdiye kadar kaydedilen en büyük mavi yengecin keşfini de rapor etmektedir. Ayrıca Rize bölgesinden örneklenen bir erkek birey, türün yayılış alanının Karadeniz'in en doğu kısmına kadar genişlediğini göstermektedir. Bulgular, mavi yengecin Karadeniz'deki dağılımı ve boyut artışına ilişkin anlayışımıza önemli katkılarda bulunmaktadır. Erkeklerde gözlemlenen daha büyük boyutlar ve aşırı iri dişilerin varlığı, başarılı adaptasyonu ve kendi kendini idame ettirebilen bir popülasyonun potansiyel olarak varlığını düşündürmektedir. İstilacı türler olarak mavi yengeçler, bentik toplulukları ve besin zincirlerini önemli ölçüde etkileyebilir, bu da balıkçılık biyolojisi ve ekosistem yönetimi için ihtiyatlı yönetim yaklaşımının önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Callinectes sapidus, Brachyuran, coğrafi alan genişlemesi, maksimum boyut kaydı, Türkiye

Expansion of the Distribution Range and Size of the Invasive Blue Crab on the Turkish Coast of the Black Sea

Öz

The blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896) is an euryhaline species originally native to the western Atlantic Ocean. However, it has expanded its range into the Black Sea, including the Turkish coastal waters. Blue crab specimens were sampled along the Black Sea coast of Türkiye, covering the stretch from Cape Taşkana to the Georgian border. The monitoring studies spanned the period from 2017 to 2024. Analysis of the 16 specimens revealed a carapace width range of 14.8 to 20.3 cm, with males exhibiting larger sizes compared to females. Notably, two of the sampled females were observed to be carrying eggs, highlighting reproductive activity in the region. This study also reports the discovery of the largest blue crab ever recorded on the Turkish coasts of the Black Sea, with a male specimen measuring 20.33 cm in carapace width and weighing 565.1 g. Additionally, a male specimen sampled in the Rize region suggests the species has expanded its range to the easternmost part of the Black Sea. The findings contribute significantly to our understanding of the distribution and growth potential of the blue crab in the Black Sea. The larger sizes observed in males and the presence of ovigerous females indicate successful adaptation and potential establishment of a self-sustaining population. As invasive species, blue crabs can significantly influence benthic communities and food chains, highlighting the importance of a prudent management approach to fisheries biology and ecosystem management

Anahtar Kelimeler

Callinectes sapidus, Brachyuran, range expansion, maximum size record, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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