Effects of Liquid Vermicompost Utilization on Water Quality Parameters in Aquaponic Systems
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 598 - 606, 31.12.2024
Abidin Küçükağtaş
,
İlker Zeki Kurtoğlu
Öz
In this study, it was aimed to supplement the insufficient plant nutrients in the system water and to develop healthier plants in the aquaponic system. For this purpose, liquid vermicompost, which is identical to nature and whose nutritional value has been proven in many studies, was used. In the experimental designed as Indoor, the effects of liquid vermicompost sprayed on the leaf (VL) and directly added to the water (VW) on fish/plant/water quality were examined. Liquid vermicompost was not added to the control group (C). A total of 225 juvenile Cyprinus carpio were placed in 9 experimental systems with 25 fish in each tank, in this experiment. As the fish species, juvenile carp individuals were used with an average total length of 11.67±1.07 cm and an average weight of 22.82±7.97 g. A total of 11 plant seedlings were planted in each system, consisting of 5 peppers, 2 lettuce and 4 beans. The each system was illuminated with a light intensity of 171.25 µmol/m2/s for activate plants growth. The 1 ml/L of liquid vermicompost was sprayed to water and leaves for the VW and VL groups, respectively. No additional supply was provided to the C groups. System water quality parameters of oxygen saturation, temperature, pH, conductivity were measured daily, and parameters of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and turbidity were measured in 15-day periods for 90 days duration. The results showed that concentration of liquid VC selected as sufficient amount for plants sprayed either on leaves or in water did not adversely affect water quality in aquaponic systems. Therefore, the use of vermicompost by adding VC to aquaponic system water has been supported to compensate essential plant nutrients.
Etik Beyan
Ethical approval for the project was obtained from the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Animal Experiments, Local Ethics Committee Presidency, under Ethical Committee Approval Report dated 20.02.2015 and numbered 2015/12.
Destekleyen Kurum
RTEÜ Araştırma Geliştirme ve Projeler Koordinatörlüğü
Proje Numarası
RTEÜ BAP Birimi Proje Kodu: FDK-2021-1314
Teşekkür
The study, conducted under the thesis project titled "Investigation of the Effects of Liquid Vermicompost Usage in Aquaponic Systems on System Performance" with project code FDK-2021-1314, was financed by the Research Projects Unit of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University (RTEU-BAP).
Kaynakça
-
Bregnballe, J. (2022). A guide to recirculation
aquaculture - An introduction to the new
environmentally friendly and highly productive
closed fish farming systems. Rome. FAO and
Eurofish International Organisation. DOI:
10.4060/cc2390en
-
Çelikkale, MS (1988). İç Su Balıkları ve Yetiştiriciliği,
Cilt II, KTÜ, Sürmene Deniz Bilimleri ve
Teknolojisi Yüksek Okulu, Genel Yayın No:128,
No:3, Trabzon.
-
Diver, S. (2006). Aquaponic-integration hydroponic with
aquaculture. National Centre of Appropriate
Technology. Department of Agriculture’s Rural
Bussiness Cooperative Service. P. Water, 1-28.
-
Ebeling, J.M. & Miller, W.W. (1995). Model aquaculture
recirculation system (MARS): engineering and
operations manual: aquaculture education project.
Eşiyok, D. (2012). Kışlık ve Yazlık Sebze Yetiştiriciliği.
İzmir, 404 s. Yayınevi: Meta Basım Matbaacılık,
ISBN: 978-605-87189-0-6, Basım tarihi: Ocak
2012
-
Estim, A., Saufie, S. & Mustafa, S. (2019). Water quality
remediation using aquaponics sub-systems as
biological and mechanical filters in aquaculture.
Journal of Water Process Engineering, 30,
100566.
-
Guan, B., Hu, W., Zhang, T.L., Duan, M., Li, D. L.,
Wang, Y.P., & Zhu, Z.Y. (2010). Acute and
chronic un-ionized ammonia toxicity to “all-fish”
growth hormone transgenic common carp
(Cyprinus carpio L.). Chinese Science Bulletin,
55(35), 4032.
-
Hasan, M.R. & Macintosh, D.J. (1986). Acute toxicity of
ammonia to common carp fry. Aquaculture, 54(1-
2), 97-107.
-
Hu, Z., Lee, J.W., Chandran, K., Kim, S. & Khanal,
S.K. (2012). Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from
aquaculture: a review. Environmental science &
technology, 46(12), 6470-6480.
-
Kiliç, C.C. & Saraçoğlu, Ö.A. (2022). Effect of Liquid
Vermicompost on Quality Properties of Different
Lettuce Varieties. Turkish Journal of Agriculture
- Food Science and Technology Available, 10(9),
1716-1723.
-
Lewis Jr, W.M. & Morris, D.P. (1986). Toxicity of nitrite
to fish: a review. Transactions of the American
Fisheries Society, 115(2), 183-195.
-
Makhdom, S., Shekarabi, S.P.H., & Shamsaie
Mehrgan, M. (2017). Biological nutrient
recovery from culturing of pearl gourami
(Trichogaster leerii) by cherry tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum) in aquaponic system.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
24, 20634-20640.
-
Minaz, M. & Kubilay, A. (2021). Operating parameters
affecting biofloc technology: carbon source,
carbon/nitrogen ratio, feeding regime, stocking
density, salinity, aeration, and microbial
community manipulation. Aquaculture
International, 29(3), 1121-1140.
-
Minaz, M., Er, A., Ak, K., Nane, İ. D., İpek, Z. Z.,
Kurtoğlu, İ. Z. & Kayiş, Ş. (2022). Short -term
Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) as a Plastic
Precursor: Hematological and Behavioral Effects
on Oncorhynchus mykiss and Vimba vimba.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 233(4), 122.
-
Minaz, M., Yazici, İ.S., Sevgili, H. & Aydın, İ. (2024).
Biofloc technology in aquaculture: Advantages
and disadvantages from social and applicability
perspectives - A review. Annals of Animal
Science, 24(2), 307.
-
Mohale, H.P., Sarang, N. & Desai, A.Y. (2020). The
Common Carp and its Culture System
Management. 116 p., Academic Publications,
Delhi, India.
-
Özkaplan, M. & Balkaya, A. (2021). Örtüaltı domates
yetiştiriciliğinde değişen sıcaklık ve ışık koşulları
ile verim parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin
modellenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri
Dergisi, 25(4), 438-447. DOI:
10.29050/harranziraat.910583
-
Şahin, S., Geboloğlu, N., Kartal, H. & Makalesi, A.
(2020). Effects of Adding Vermicompost to the
Tort-Perlite Mixture on The Development of
Pepper Seedlings. Turkish Journal of Agriculture
- Food Science and Technology, 8(sp1), 192.
-
Serezli, R. (2011). Sularda Amonyak ve Sucul Canlılarda
Toksik Etkileri. Aquaculture Studies, 11(3).
-
Serezli, R., Kucukagtas, A. & Kurtoğlu, İ.Z. (2016).
Acute toxicity of ammonia and nitrite to angel fish
Pterophyllum scalare Liechtenstein 1823 and the
effect of erythrocyte morphology. Fresenius
Environmental Bulletin, 25(8), 3119-3124.
-
Soliman, H.A.M., Sayed, A.E.D.H., Kloas, W., Badrey,
A.E.A. & Osman, A.G.M. (2022). Growth
performance and hematological, biochemical, and
histological characters of the Nile tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus, L.) cultivated in an
aquaponic system with green onion: The first
study about the aquaponic system in Sohag,
Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and
Fisheries, 26(2), 119.
-
Tidwell, J.H. (2012). Aquaculture production systems
(Vol. 434). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
-
Turhan, Ş. (2005). Tarımda Sürdürülebilirlik ve Organik
Tarım. Turkish Journal of Agricultural
Economics, 11(1 ve 2), 13-24.
-
Tyson, R.V., Simonne, E.H., White, J.M. & Lamb, E.M.
(2004). Reconciling Water Quality Parameters
Impacting Nitrification in Aquaponics: The pH
Levels. Proceedings of the Florida State
Horticultural Society, 117, 79-83.
-
Uğural, B., Serezli, R., Hamzaçebi, S., Öztürk, F., &
Gündüz, H. (2018). Uluslararası Su ve Çevre
Kongresi Kapalı Devre Yetiştiricilik Sistemleri
Gereklimidir? Bursa: Uluslararası Su ve Çevre
Kongresi, SUCEV2018 Bildiriler Kitabı.
-
Yiğit, B.B. (2019). Yiğit, B. B. Akuaponik teknolojisinde su
kalitesinin beyaz mersin (Acipenser
transmontanus) balığı kullanarak fesleğen ve
marul varyetelerinin büyümesine etkisi, (İstanbul
Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri
Bölümü,), Master's Thesis, İstanbul.
Sıvı Vermikompost Kullanımının Akvaponik Sistemlerde Su Kalitesi Parametreleri Üzerindeki Etkileri
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 4, 598 - 606, 31.12.2024
Abidin Küçükağtaş
,
İlker Zeki Kurtoğlu
Öz
Bu çalışmada, akuaponik sistem suyunda yetersiz olan bitki besin maddelerinin takviye edilmesi ve sistemde daha sağlıklı bitkilerin geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla doğayla özdeş, besin değeri birçok çalışma ile kanıtlanmış sıvı solucan gübresi kullanılmıştır. İç mekan olarak tasarlanan deneyde, yaprağa püskürtülen sıvı solucan gübresinin (VL) ve suya doğrudan eklenen sıvı solucan gübresinin (VW) balık/bitki/su kalitesine etkileri incelenmiştir. Kontrol grubuna (C) sıvı solucan gübresi eklenmemiştir. Bu deneyde, her tankta 25 balık olacak şekilde toplam 225 adet yavru Cyprinus carpio 9 deney düzeneğine yerleştirilmiştir. Ortalama balık boyu (TL) 11,67±1,07 cm ve ortalama balık ağırlığı 22,82±7,97 g olan yavru sazan bireyleri kullanılmıştır. Her sisteme 5 adet biber, 2 adet marul ve 4 adet fasulye olmak üzere toplam 11 adet bitki fidesi dikilmiştir. Her sistem bitki büyümesini aktive etmek için 171,25 µmol/m2/sn ışık yoğunluğuyla aydınlatıldı. 1 ml/L sıvı solucan gübresi VW ve VL grupları için sırasıyla suya ve yapraklara püskürtüldü. C tanklarına ek bir vermikompost takviyesi yapılmadı. 90 günlük süre boyunca, sistem su kalitesi parametrelerinden oksijen doygunluğu, sıcaklık, pH, iletkenlik günlük olarak ve amonyak, nitrit, nitrat, fosfat ve bulanıklık parametreleri 15 günlük periyotlarda ölçüldü. Sonuçlar, bitkiler için yeterli miktarda seçilen sıvı VC konsantrasyonunun yapraklara veya suya püskürtülmesinin akuaponik sistemlerde su kalitesini olumsuz etkilemediğini gösterdi. Bu nedenle, akuaponik sistem suyuna VC eklenerek solucan gübresi kullanımı, temel bitki besin maddelerini telafi etmek için desteklenmiştir.
Proje Numarası
RTEÜ BAP Birimi Proje Kodu: FDK-2021-1314
Kaynakça
-
Bregnballe, J. (2022). A guide to recirculation
aquaculture - An introduction to the new
environmentally friendly and highly productive
closed fish farming systems. Rome. FAO and
Eurofish International Organisation. DOI:
10.4060/cc2390en
-
Çelikkale, MS (1988). İç Su Balıkları ve Yetiştiriciliği,
Cilt II, KTÜ, Sürmene Deniz Bilimleri ve
Teknolojisi Yüksek Okulu, Genel Yayın No:128,
No:3, Trabzon.
-
Diver, S. (2006). Aquaponic-integration hydroponic with
aquaculture. National Centre of Appropriate
Technology. Department of Agriculture’s Rural
Bussiness Cooperative Service. P. Water, 1-28.
-
Ebeling, J.M. & Miller, W.W. (1995). Model aquaculture
recirculation system (MARS): engineering and
operations manual: aquaculture education project.
Eşiyok, D. (2012). Kışlık ve Yazlık Sebze Yetiştiriciliği.
İzmir, 404 s. Yayınevi: Meta Basım Matbaacılık,
ISBN: 978-605-87189-0-6, Basım tarihi: Ocak
2012
-
Estim, A., Saufie, S. & Mustafa, S. (2019). Water quality
remediation using aquaponics sub-systems as
biological and mechanical filters in aquaculture.
Journal of Water Process Engineering, 30,
100566.
-
Guan, B., Hu, W., Zhang, T.L., Duan, M., Li, D. L.,
Wang, Y.P., & Zhu, Z.Y. (2010). Acute and
chronic un-ionized ammonia toxicity to “all-fish”
growth hormone transgenic common carp
(Cyprinus carpio L.). Chinese Science Bulletin,
55(35), 4032.
-
Hasan, M.R. & Macintosh, D.J. (1986). Acute toxicity of
ammonia to common carp fry. Aquaculture, 54(1-
2), 97-107.
-
Hu, Z., Lee, J.W., Chandran, K., Kim, S. & Khanal,
S.K. (2012). Nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from
aquaculture: a review. Environmental science &
technology, 46(12), 6470-6480.
-
Kiliç, C.C. & Saraçoğlu, Ö.A. (2022). Effect of Liquid
Vermicompost on Quality Properties of Different
Lettuce Varieties. Turkish Journal of Agriculture
- Food Science and Technology Available, 10(9),
1716-1723.
-
Lewis Jr, W.M. & Morris, D.P. (1986). Toxicity of nitrite
to fish: a review. Transactions of the American
Fisheries Society, 115(2), 183-195.
-
Makhdom, S., Shekarabi, S.P.H., & Shamsaie
Mehrgan, M. (2017). Biological nutrient
recovery from culturing of pearl gourami
(Trichogaster leerii) by cherry tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum) in aquaponic system.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
24, 20634-20640.
-
Minaz, M. & Kubilay, A. (2021). Operating parameters
affecting biofloc technology: carbon source,
carbon/nitrogen ratio, feeding regime, stocking
density, salinity, aeration, and microbial
community manipulation. Aquaculture
International, 29(3), 1121-1140.
-
Minaz, M., Er, A., Ak, K., Nane, İ. D., İpek, Z. Z.,
Kurtoğlu, İ. Z. & Kayiş, Ş. (2022). Short -term
Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) as a Plastic
Precursor: Hematological and Behavioral Effects
on Oncorhynchus mykiss and Vimba vimba.
Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 233(4), 122.
-
Minaz, M., Yazici, İ.S., Sevgili, H. & Aydın, İ. (2024).
Biofloc technology in aquaculture: Advantages
and disadvantages from social and applicability
perspectives - A review. Annals of Animal
Science, 24(2), 307.
-
Mohale, H.P., Sarang, N. & Desai, A.Y. (2020). The
Common Carp and its Culture System
Management. 116 p., Academic Publications,
Delhi, India.
-
Özkaplan, M. & Balkaya, A. (2021). Örtüaltı domates
yetiştiriciliğinde değişen sıcaklık ve ışık koşulları
ile verim parametreleri arasındaki ilişkinin
modellenmesi. Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri
Dergisi, 25(4), 438-447. DOI:
10.29050/harranziraat.910583
-
Şahin, S., Geboloğlu, N., Kartal, H. & Makalesi, A.
(2020). Effects of Adding Vermicompost to the
Tort-Perlite Mixture on The Development of
Pepper Seedlings. Turkish Journal of Agriculture
- Food Science and Technology, 8(sp1), 192.
-
Serezli, R. (2011). Sularda Amonyak ve Sucul Canlılarda
Toksik Etkileri. Aquaculture Studies, 11(3).
-
Serezli, R., Kucukagtas, A. & Kurtoğlu, İ.Z. (2016).
Acute toxicity of ammonia and nitrite to angel fish
Pterophyllum scalare Liechtenstein 1823 and the
effect of erythrocyte morphology. Fresenius
Environmental Bulletin, 25(8), 3119-3124.
-
Soliman, H.A.M., Sayed, A.E.D.H., Kloas, W., Badrey,
A.E.A. & Osman, A.G.M. (2022). Growth
performance and hematological, biochemical, and
histological characters of the Nile tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus, L.) cultivated in an
aquaponic system with green onion: The first
study about the aquaponic system in Sohag,
Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and
Fisheries, 26(2), 119.
-
Tidwell, J.H. (2012). Aquaculture production systems
(Vol. 434). Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.
-
Turhan, Ş. (2005). Tarımda Sürdürülebilirlik ve Organik
Tarım. Turkish Journal of Agricultural
Economics, 11(1 ve 2), 13-24.
-
Tyson, R.V., Simonne, E.H., White, J.M. & Lamb, E.M.
(2004). Reconciling Water Quality Parameters
Impacting Nitrification in Aquaponics: The pH
Levels. Proceedings of the Florida State
Horticultural Society, 117, 79-83.
-
Uğural, B., Serezli, R., Hamzaçebi, S., Öztürk, F., &
Gündüz, H. (2018). Uluslararası Su ve Çevre
Kongresi Kapalı Devre Yetiştiricilik Sistemleri
Gereklimidir? Bursa: Uluslararası Su ve Çevre
Kongresi, SUCEV2018 Bildiriler Kitabı.
-
Yiğit, B.B. (2019). Yiğit, B. B. Akuaponik teknolojisinde su
kalitesinin beyaz mersin (Acipenser
transmontanus) balığı kullanarak fesleğen ve
marul varyetelerinin büyümesine etkisi, (İstanbul
Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Su Ürünleri
Bölümü,), Master's Thesis, İstanbul.