A Comprehensive Assessment of Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk in the Marine Sediments of Izmir Bay

Fatmanur Çakır; Ertuğrul Aslan; Derya Kaya; İbrahim Tan

doi:10.35229/jaes.1720929

EN TR

A Comprehensive Assessment of Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk in the Marine Sediments of Izmir Bay

Abstract

The Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey) is an ecosystem under significant pollution pressure from industrial activities, agricultural runoff, and port operations. This study aimed to determine the distribution of metal and metalloid concentrations (Al, Fe, As, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Hg) in surface sediments of the bay and to assess the potential ecological risks posed by these contaminants. Analyses based on sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and pollution assessment methods revealed high pollution levels at stations influenced by the Gediz River (S.11, S.13) and in the inner bay, where port activities and wastewater treatment plants are predominant (S.24, S.29). The highest average metal concentrations across the bay were identified as Zn (390.38 mg kg-1) and Cr (339.95 mg kg-1), while the lowest was Hg (0.26 mg kg-1). These findings indicate that metal pollution in Izmir Bay is largely driven by riverine inputs and anthropogenic activities. The study provides a scientific basis for developing management strategies aimed at mitigating ecological risks in the bay.

Keywords

Aegean Sea , Metal pollution , Marine sediment , İzmir Bay

İzmir Körfezi Deniz Sedimentlerinde Metal Kirliliği ve Ekolojik Risk Üzerine Kapsamlı Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

İzmir Körfezi (Ege Denizi, Türkiye), endüstriyel faaliyetler, tarımsal yüzey akışı ve liman işletmelerinden kaynaklanan önemli düzeyde kirlilik baskısı altında olan bir ekosistemdir. Bu çalışmada, körfez yüzey sedimentlerinde metal ve metaloid (Al, Fe, As, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn ve Hg) derişimlerinin dağılımının belirlenmesi ve bu kirleticilerin oluşturduğu potansiyel ekolojik risklerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sediment kalite rehberleri (SQG'ler) ve kirlilik değerlendirme yöntemleri temelinde yapılan analizler, Gediz Nehri’nin etkisindeki istasyonlar (S.11, S.13) ile liman faaliyetlerinin ve atıksu arıtma tesislerinin yoğun olduğu iç körfezdeki istasyonlarda (S.24, S.29) yüksek düzeyde kirlilik bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Körfez genelinde en yüksek ortalama metal derişimleri Zn (390,38 mg kg⁻¹) ve Cr (339,95 mg kg⁻¹) olarak belirlenirken, en düşük değer Hg (0,26 mg kg⁻¹) için saptanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, İzmir Körfezi'ndeki metal kirliliğinin büyük ölçüde nehir kaynaklı girdilerden ve insan faaliyetlerinden kaynaklandığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışma, körfezdeki ekolojik risklerin azaltılmasına yönelik yönetim stratejilerinin geliştirilmesi için bilimsel bir temel sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İzmir Körfezi , Ege Denizi , Metal kirliliği , Deniz sedimentleri

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Çevresel Değerlendirme ve İzleme

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Fatmanur Çakır ^*
0000-0002-9610-3463
Türkiye

Ertuğrul Aslan
0000-0003-0401-1287
Türkiye

Derya Kaya
0000-0001-6217-0775
Türkiye

İbrahim Tan
0000-0002-4948-7687
Türkiye

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

15 Kasım 2025

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Kasım 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

18 Haziran 2025

Kabul Tarihi

7 Ekim 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1720929

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA76KH83XY

APA

Çakır, F., Aslan, E., Kaya, D., & Tan, İ. (2025). A Comprehensive Assessment of Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk in the Marine Sediments of Izmir Bay. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 10(6), 778-790. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1720929

JAES, 2016- 11.yıl

A Comprehensive Assessment of Metal Pollution and Ecological Risk in the Marine Sediments of Izmir Bay

Abstract

Keywords

İzmir Körfezi Deniz Sedimentlerinde Metal Kirliliği ve Ekolojik Risk Üzerine Kapsamlı Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Erken Görünüm Tarihi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

DOI

IZ

Kaynak Göster