Carduus adpressus’un Çeşitli Ekstrelerinin Antioksidan Özellikleri ve Antimikrobiyal Aktivitesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2019, , 409 - 413, 30.12.2019

Tuba Acet

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.619647

Öz

Carduus
cinsi, Anadolu halk tıbbında pek çok rahatsızlığın giderilmesinde geleneksel
olarak kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, Carduus
adpressus’un farklı bitki ekstrelerinin potansiyel antioksidan özellikleri
ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesi incelendi. Toplam polifenoller, toplam fenolik ve
toplam flavonoid içerikleri sırasıyla fosfomolibdat, Folin-Chiocalteu reaktifi
ve AlCl₃ ile yapıldı. Antioksidan aktivite, ABTS (2,2´-azino-bis,
3-etilbenzotiazolin-6-sülfonik asit) ve DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil)
metodları kullanılarak tespit edildi. Antimikrobiyal aktivite ise, disk
difüzyon ve mikrodilüsyon yöntemleri kullanılarak ortaya çıkarıldı. Etanol
ekstresi en yüksek toplam antioksidan (377.9 mg GAE g-1 ekstre),  flavonoid (60,06 mg QE g^-1 ekstre)
ve fenolik (291,03 mg GAE g^-1 ekstre) içeriğe sahipti. Ayrıca, en
güçlü radikal temizleme etkinliği, etanol ekstresinde (ABTS: 78,26 mg TE g^-1
ekstre ve DPPH: 74,45 mg TE g^-1 ekstre) tespit edildi. Tüm ekstreler
en az bir mikroorganizmaya karşı yüksek bir antimikrobiyal aktivite sergiledi.
Sonuç olarak, C. adpressus bitkisinin
doğal bir antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal ajan olarak kullanılma potansiyeli
olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioksidan özellik, antimikrobiyal aktivite, Carduus adpressus

A Study on Antioxidant Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Various Extracts of Carduus adpressus

Öz

The
genus Carduus is traditionally used to relieve many ailments in Anatolian folk
medicine. In this study, potential antioxidant properties and antimicrobial
activity of different plant extracts of Carduus adpressus were investigated.
Total polyphenols, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were made with
phosphomolybdate, Folin-Chiocalteu reagent and AlCl₃, respectively.
Antioxidant activity was determined using ABTS (2,2´-azino-bis,
3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH
(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil) methods. Antimicrobial activity was determined
by disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Ethanol extract had the highest
total antioxidant content (377.9 mg GAE g^-1 extract), flavonoid
(60.06 mg QE g^-1 extract) and phenolic (291.03 mg GAE g^-1
extract). In addition, the strongest radical scavenging activity was detected
in ethanol extract (ABTS: 78.26 mg TE g^-1 extract and DPPH: 74.45 mg
TE g^-1 extract). All extracts exhibited a high antimicrobial
activity against at least one microorganism. As a result, C. adpressus plant is thought to have potential to be used as a
natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antioxidant property, antimicrobial activity, Carduus adpressus

Kaynakça

• Abdel Rahman, S.M., Abd-Ellatif, S.A., Deraz, S.F. & Khalil, A.A. (2011). Antibacterial activity of some wild medicinal plants collected from western Mediterranean coast, Egypt: Natural alternatives for infectious disease treatment. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(52), 10733-10743.
• Acharya, S.N., Parihar, V.G. & Acharya, R.S. (2011). Hytosomes: novel approach for delivering herbal extract with improved bioavailability. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2(1), 144-160.
• Al-Shammari, L.A., Hassan, W.H.B. & Al, H.M. (2015). Phytochemical and biological studies of Carduus pycnocephalus L. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, 19(4), 410-416.
• Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C. & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493-496.
• Chaudhary, S.A. (2000). Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, vol, II, part 3, Ministry of Agriculture and Water, National Herbarium. National Agriculture and Water Research Center, Riyadh, KSA,117-202.
• CLSI., (2017). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; 27th Informational Supplement, CLSI/NCCLS, 27th ed,; Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute: Wayne, PA, USA.
• Davis, P.H. (1975).“Carduus L,” In Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, edited by P, H, Davis, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 5, 420–438,
• Davis, P.H. (1988). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, 10, Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press, University Press, Edinburgh.
• Dimitrova-Dyulgerova, I., Zhelev, I. & Mihaylova, D. (2015). Phenolic profile and in vitro antioxidant activity of endemic Bulgarian Carduus species. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 11(4),575–579.
• Dubick, M.A. (1986). Historical perspectives on the use of herbal preparetions to promote health. The Journal of Nutrition, 116(7), 1348-1354.
• Dudonné, S., Vitrac, X., Coutière, P., Woillez, M. & Mérillon, J.M. (2009). Comparative Study of Antioxidant Properties and Total Phenolic Content of 30 Plant Extracts of Industrial Interest Using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, SOD, and ORAC Assays. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57 (5), 1768-1774.
• Eruygur, N., Kocyigit, U.M., . Atas, M., Tekin, M. & Gulcin, I. (2019). Screening the in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase, antidiabetic activities of endemic Achillea cucullata (Asteraceae) ethanol extract. South African Journal of Botany, 120, 141-145.
• Guner, A., Ozhatay, N. & Ekim, T. (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
• Kirby, A.J. & Schmidt, R.J. (1997). The antioxidant activity of Chinese herbs for eczema and of placebo herbs. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 56(2),103-108.
• Koc, S., Isgor, B.S., Isgor, Y.G., Shomali Moghaddam, N. & Yildirim, O. (2015). The potential medicinal value of plants from Asteraceae family with antioxidant defence enzymes as biological targets. Pharmaceutical Biology, 53(5), 746-751.
• Moreno, M.I., Isla, M.I., Sampietro, A.R. & Vattuone, M.A. (2000). Comparison of the free radical-scavenging activity of propolis from several regions of Argentina. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 71, 109-114.
• Nadiroğlu, M., Behçet, L. & Çakılcıoğlu, U. (2019). An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Karlıove (Bingöl-Turkey). Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 18(1), 76-87.
• Naveed, M., Bibi, J., Kamboh, A.A., Suheryani, I., Kakar, I., Fazlani, S.A., FangFang, X., Alikalhoro, S., Yunjuan, L., Kakar, M.U., Abd El-Hack, M.E., Noreldin, A.E., Zhixiang, S., LiXia, C. & XiaoHui, Z. (2018). Pharmacological values and therapeutic properties of black tea (Camellia sinensis): A comprehensive overview. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 100, 521-531.
• Orhan, I., Deliorman-Orhan, D. & Özçelik, B. (2009). Antiviral activity and cytotoxicity of the lipophilic extracts of various edible plants and their fatty acids. Food Chemistry, 115(2), 701-705.
• Özcan, K. (2019). Determination of biological activity of Carduus lanuginosus: an endemic plant in Turkey. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, https://doi,org/10,1080/09603123,2019,1628187.
• Özcan, K. &Acet, T. (2018a). In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the five different solvent extracts of Centaurea pulcherrima var, freynii from Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(6), 4047–4051.
• Özcan, K. & Acet, T. (2018b). Antimicrobial and antioxidant screening, synergy studies of Helichrysum chionophilum extracts against to resistant microbial strains, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 27(7), 5045–5052.
• Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M. & Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 26,1231-1237.
• Sezik, E., Yesilada, E., Honda, G., Takaishi, Y., Takeda, Y. & Tanaka, T. (2001). Traditional Medicine in Turkey X, Folk Medicine in Central Anatolia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 75, 95-115.
• Slavov, I,, Mihayloiva, D. & Dimitrova-dyulgerova, I. (2014). Phenolic acids, flavonoid profile and antioxidant activity of Carduus thoermeri Weinm, Extract. Oxidation Communications, 37(1), 247-253.
• Slinkard, K. & Singleton, V.L. (1977). Total phenol analyses: automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28,49-55.
• Vambe, M., Aremu, A.O., Chukwujekwu, J.C., Finnie, J.F. & Staden, J.V. (2018). Antibacterial screening, synergy studies and phenolic content of seven South African medicinal plants against drug-sensitive and -resistant microbial strains. South Africcan Journal of Botany, 114, 250-259,
• Zálešák, F., Bon, D.J.D. & Pospíšil, J. (2019). Lignans and Neolignans: Plant secondary metabolites as a reservoir of biologically active substances. Pharmacological Research, 14, 104284,
• Zheleva-Dimitrova, D., Zhelev, I., Dimitrova-Dyulgerova, I. (2011). Antioxidant activity of some Carduus species growing in Bulgaria. Free Radicals and Antioxidants, 1(4), 15–20.