Determination of the Presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Phenotypic Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Budgerigars and Parrots
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to investigate the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae and phenotypically carbapenemase, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), acquired-AmpC beta-lactamase, and multiple antibiotic resistance of the isolates in the faeces of budgerigars and parrots. A total of 96 faecal samples belonging to 54 budgerigars and 42 parrots were used in the study. Cultivation was performed on various media for the identification of Klebsiella pneuomiae from the collected stool samples. Biochemical properties of the suspect isolates were determined using conventional methods. Besides, antibiotic susceptibility tests and ESBL, carbapenem, acquired AmpC screening and confirmation tests were applied to the identified isolates to phenotypically determine beta-lactam resistance. Beta-lactam, aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and sulphonamide groups were used to determine the multidrug resistance. Isolates with resistance to 3 or more of the antibiotic and Sulphonamide groups were accepted as multidrug-resistant isolates. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from 2 (3.7%) of 54 budgerigars, and 1 (2.3%) of 42 parrot faecal samples from 3 (3.1%) of 96 faecal samples in total. No phenotypic resistance was detected in any of the isolates as a result of screening and confirming tests for ESBL, carbapenem, and acquired-AmpC resistance to determine phenotypic antibiotic resistance of the isolates. Multidrug resistance was detected in only one isolate. The presence of multi-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in cage birds that have close relationships with humans has been revealed.
Keywords
Budgerigar , Klebsiella pnemoniae , multidrug resistance , parrot
Kaynakça
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