Situation Of Forest Carbon Projects In Carbon Markets

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 5, 872 - 881, 31.12.2020

Devlet Toksoy Çiğdem Öztekin Mahmut M. Bayramoğlu

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.837015

Öz

Global cooperation activities are being carried out within the framework of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreements to stabilize the increasing greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. Forests that play a key role in combating climate change are among the most important issues discussed during the climate change negotiations. There are two important pillars of the forestry sector in climate change. One is mitigation and the other is adaptation. Issues related to forestry interviewed in the scope of mitigation are Land use , land use change and forestry (LULUCF) and REDD +. The mechanism for mitigation is carbon markets. The rate of forestry projects in carbon markets is low. Turkey is traded on the voluntary carbon market is achieving very low income according to the mandatory carbon market. However, the carbon credits that are traded are provided by the renewable energy sector. These credits are in Turkey need to combat climate change in forestry activities both actively involved in the negotiations for the benefit of the mechanisms created in this context and should maintain this attitude. Turkey must make changes in the organizational and technical infrastructure besides negotiations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Climate change, kyoto protocol, carbon credit, forestry

Karbon Piyasalarında Ormancılık Karbon Projelerinin Durumu

Öz

Atmosferdeki artan sera gazı emisyonlarını stabilize etmek için Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Değişikliği Çerçeve Sözleşmesi, Kyoto Protokolü ve Paris Anlaşmaları çerçevesinde küresel işbirliği çalışmaları yürütülmektedir. İklim Değişikliğiyle mücadele kilit rol oynayan ormanlar iklim değişikliği müzakerelerinde görüşülen en önemli konular arasında yer almaktadır. İklim değişikliğinde ormancılık sektörünün iki önemli ayağı bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri azaltım diğeri ise uyumdur. Azaltım kapsamında müzakerelerde görüşülen ormancılıkla ilgili hususlar Arazi kullanımı arazi kullanım değişikliği ve ormancılık (LULUCF) ve REDD konularıdır. Uyum ise; iklim değişikliğinin etkilerine yanıt olarak ekolojik, sosyal ve ekonomik sistemlerdeki düzenlemeleri ifade etmektedir ve iklim değişikliği nedeniyle ortaya çıkabilecek risklerin yönetimini kapsamaktadır. Ormancılıkta uyum iklim değişikliği odaklı sürdürülebilir orman yönetimi anlamına gelmektedir. Azaltımla ilgili mekanizma karbon piyasalarıdır. Karbon piyasalarında ormancılık projelerinin oranı ise düşüktür. Türkiye gönüllü karbon piyasalarında işlem görmekte olup zorunlu karbon piyasalarına göre oldukça düşük gelir elde etmektedir. Bununla birlikte işlem gören karbon kredileri yenilenebilir enerji sektöründen sağlanmaktadır. Bu krediler içinde ormancılık faaliyetleri bulunmamaktadır. Bununla birlikte Türkiye, müzakereler haricinde de kurumsal ve teknik alt yapısında değişiklikler yapmak zorundadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

iklim değişikliği, kyoto protokolü, karbon kredisi, ormancılık

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