Selenyum ve Zeolitin Nil Tilapyası Oreochromis niloticus’ta (Linnaeus, 1758) Doku Cıva Birikimi Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 145 - 150, 30.06.2021

Özge Fırat , Ferit Kargın

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.815448

Öz

Cıvanın balıkları da içeren sucul organizmalar için tehlikeli bir çevresel kirletici olduğu iyi bilinmektedir. Cıvanın balıklardaki birikimi ve toksik etkileri hem bu organizmaları hem de besin zinciri aracılığıyla diğer canlıların sağlığını olumsuz etkileyeceğinden bu metalin toksik etkilerini azaltacak/önleyecek mekanizmalar ekosistemin sağlıklı işleyişi ve geleceği açısından oldukça önemlidir. Bu nedenle sunulan çalışmada Oreochromis niloticus’un dokularındaki cıva birikimi üzerine selenyum ve zeolitin olası koruyucu etkileri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla balıklar 0,01 ve 0,1 mg/L cıva; 0,01 mg/L cıva+0,1 mg/L selenyum, 0,1 mg/L cıva+1,0 mg/L selenyum ve 0,01 mg/L cıva+0,1 g/L zeolit, 0,1 mg/L cıva+1,0 g/L zeolit derişimlerinin etkisine 7 ve 21 gün süreler ile bırakılmış ve solungaç, karaciğer ve kas dokularındaki cıva birikimi belirlenmiştir. İncelenen tüm dokulardaki cıva birikiminin denenen tüm kimyasal gruplarında ortam derişimlerine ve etki sürelerine bağlı olarak arttığı saptanmıştır (P<0,05). Dokulardaki cıva birikiminin cıva+selenyum ve cıva+zeolit karışımlarında cıvanın tek başına etkisine oranla önemli bir şekilde azaldığı belirlemiştir (P<0,05). Araştırmamız selenyum ve zeolitin O. niloticus’un dokularında cıva birikimini önemli düzeylerde azalttığını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oreochromis niloticus, cıva, selenyum, zeolit, birikim

Destekleyen Kurum

Çukurova Üniversitesi-Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

FEF2012D1

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi Referans Nosu “414359” olan Doktora tez çalışmasından üretilmiştir. Bu araştırma FEF2012D1 nolu Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projesi ile yürütülmüştür.

Effects of Selenium and Zeolite on Tissue Mercury Accumulation in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Öz

It is well known that mercury is a dangerous environmental pollutant for aquatic organisms including fish. Since accumulation and toxic effects of mercury in fish will negatively affect both these organisms and the health of other organisms through the food chain, the mechanisms to reduce or prevent the toxic effects of this metal are very important for the healthy functioning and future of the ecosystem. Therefore in the present study, it was investigated and possible protective effects of selenium and zeolite on mercury accumulation in tissues of Oreochromis niloticus. For this purpose fish were exposed to 0.01 and 0.1 mg/L mercury; 0.01 mg/L mercury+0.1 mg/L selenium, 0.1 mg/L mercury+1.0 mg/L selenium and 0.01 mg/L mercury+ 0.1 g/L zeolite, 0.1 mg/L mercury+1.0 g/L zeolite for 7 and 21 days and mercury accumulation in gill, liver and muscle tissues were measured. It was determined mercury accumulation in all examined tissues elevated depending on exposure periods and medium concentrations in all chemical groups tested (P<0.05). Mercury accumulation in tissues significantly reduced in mercury+selenium and mercury+zeolite mixtures than in exposure of mercury alone (P<0.05). Our research showed that selenium and zeolite significantly reduce mercury accumulation in the tissues of O. niloticus.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Oreochromis niloticus, mercury, selenium, zeolite, accumulation

Proje Numarası

FEF2012D1

Kaynakça

• Aytekin, T. & Kargın, F. (2019). Effect of copper on G6PD activity in the liver, gill, kidney and muscle tissues of Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(2), 60-63. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.537019
• Bjerregaard, P., Andersen, B.W. & Rankin, J.C. (1999). Retention of methyl mercury and inorganic mercury in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (W): effect of dietary selenium. Aquatic Toxicology, 45, 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(98)00099-X
• Bjerregaard, P., Fjordside, S., Hansen, M.G. & Petrova, M.B. (2011). Dietary selenium reduces retention of methyl mercury in freshwater fish. Environmental Science and Technology, 45, 9793–9798. https://doi.org/10.1021/es202565g
• Cogun, H. Y., Firat, Ö., Firat, Ö., Yuzereroglu, T. A., Gok, G., Kargin, F. & Kotemen, Y. (2012). Protective effect of selenium against mercury induced toxicity on hematological and biochemical parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 26(3), 117-122. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.20417
• Çoğun, H.Y. & Kargın, F. (2020). Copper accumulation and Na/K ion levels in gill tissue of Cyprinus carpio. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 5(3), 313-317. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.749347
• Cogun, H.Y. & Sahin, M. (2012). The effects of zeolite on reduction of lead toxicity in Nil tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus, 1758). Kafkas Üniversitesi Veterinerlik Fakültesi Dergisi, 18, 135-140.
• Cogun, H.Y., Yuzereroglu, T.A., Fırat, Ö., Gök, G. & Kargın, F. (2006). Metal concentrations in fish species from the northeast Mediterranean Sea. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 121, 431–438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-005-9142-0
• Çimrin Reyhan, İ. (2014). Oreochromis niloticus’da bakır ve kadmiyum birikiminde kalsiyum ve zeolitin etkileri. Kilis 7 Aralık Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kilis, Türkiye, 44 s.
• Dinler, Z.M. (2005). Zeolitin (clinoptilolite) Tilapya’da (Oreochromis niloticus) bakır toksisitesi üzerine koruyucu etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Hatay, Türkiye, 63 s.
• Fergusson, J.E. (1990). The heavy elements: chemistry environmental impact and health effects, Pergamon Oxford.
• Fırat, Ö. (2016). Evaluation of metal concentrations in fish species from Atatürk Dam Lake (Adiyaman, Turkey) in relation to human health. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(9), 3629-3634.
• Fırat, Ö. & Bozat R.C. (2019). Assessment of biochemical and toxic responses induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 25(6), 1438-1447. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2018.1465338
• Fırat, Ö., Cogun, H.Y., Aslanyavrusu, S. & Kargın, F. (2009). Antioxidant responses and metal accumulation in tissues of Oreochromis niloticus under Zn, Cd and Zn+Cd exposures. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 29, 295-301. https://doi.org/10.1002/jat.1406
• Fırat, Ö. & Kargin, F. (2010). Protein intensity changes in the hemoglobin and plasma electrophoretic patterns of Oreochromis niloticus in response to single and combined Zn and Cd exposure. Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, 24, 395-401. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.20352
• Fırat, Ö. & Kaya, Ö. (2019). Evaluation of protective role of selenium on mercury toxicity by superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde parameters in Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 36(3), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.2019.36.3.05
• Fırat, Ö. & Tutus R. (2020). Comparative acute toxicity assessment of organophosphate and avermectin insecticides on a freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 105, 582-587. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02990-y
• Fontainhas-Fernandes, A.A. (1998). Tilapia production, in: M.A. Reis- Henriques (Ed.), Aquaculture Handbook, pp. 135–150.
• Kryukov, G.V., Castellano, S., Novoselov, S.V., Lobanov, A.V., Zehtab, O. & Guigo, R. (2003). Characterization of mammalian selenoproteomes. Science, 300, 1439 –1443. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1083516
• Liang, Y., Cheung, R.Y.H. & Wong, M.H. (1999). Reclamation of wastewater for polyculture of freshwater fish: Bioaccumulation of trace metals in fish. Water Research, 33, 2690–2700. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(98)00473-4
• Lliopoulou-Georgudaki, I.J. & Kotsanis, N. (2001). Toxic effects of cadmium and mercury in rainbow trouth (Oncorhynchus mykiss): a short-term bioassay. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 66, 77-85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s0012800208
• Mishra, M. & Jain, S.K. (2011). Properties and applications of zeolites: A Review. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 81, 250-259.
• Mzimela, H.M., Wepener, V. & Cyrus, D.P. (2003). Seasonal variation of selected metals in sediments, water and tissues of the groovy mullet, Liza dumerelii (Mugilidae) from the Mhlathuze Estuary, South Africa. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 46, 659–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(03)00088-2
• Orihuela, D., Meichtry, V., Pregi, N. & Pizarro, M. (2005). Short-term oral exposure to aluminium decreases glutathione intestinal levels and changes enzyme activities involved in its metabolism. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 99, 1871-1878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2005.06.029
• Rayman, M.P. (2002). The argument for increasing selenium intake. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 61, 203–221. https://doi.org/10.1079/PNS2002153
• Shrivastava, S., Mishra, M. & Jain, S.K. (2001). Remediation of lead toxicity in fish tissues through zeolite with reference to glycogen content. Journal of Natcon, 13(2), 231-235.
• Tchounwou, P.B., Ayensu, W.K., Nınashvili, N. & Sutton, D. (2003). Environmental exposure to mercury and its toxicopathologic implications for public health. Environmental Toxicology, 18, 149–175. https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.10116
• Tepe, Y., Akyurt, I., Ciminli, C., Mutlu, E. & Calıskan, M. (2004). Protective effect of clinoptilolite on lead toxicity in common carp Cyprinus carpio. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 13, 639-642.
• Van Der Oost, R., Beyer, J. & Vermeulen, N.P.E. (2003). Fish bioaccumulation and biomarkers in environmental risk assessment: a review. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 13, 57–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1382-6689(02)00126-6
• Wang, W., Wong, R.S.K., Wang, J. & Yen, Y. (2004). Influences of different selenium species on the uptake and assimilation of Hg (II) and methylmercury by diatoms and green mussels. Aquatic Toxicology, 68, 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.02.003