Effect of Quarrying Activities on Heavy Metal Content of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Eagle Fern)

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 5, 638 - 646, 30.09.2025

Şule Güzel İzmirli

https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.1723228

Öz

Contamination of plants by heavy metals, which have negative effects on plant development and food security, has emerged as a serious global problem. To reveal the contamination of heavy metals due to quarry activity, the chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) contents (mg kg⁻¹) of Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (fern) samples from the active quarry, abandoned (passive) quarry, and control site were determined. It was determined that the heavy metal contents in the plant samples were the highest in the active quarry site, at a medium level in the passive quarry site and the lowest in the control site. The heavy metal contents of washed plant samples were found to be lower than unwashed samples. The enrichment factors (EFplant) calculated for fern were determined as Zn>Pb>Cd>Ni>Cu>Cr>Fe>As>Mn>Co, respectively. It was revealed that all elements had positive, very strong, and significant relationships with each other. The results show that quarry activities contribute to Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, Mn, and Co pollution in ferns.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Heavy metal , Pollution , Pteridium aquilinum , Quarry , Rize , Türkiye.

Taş Ocağı Faaliyetlerinin Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Kartal Eğrelti Otu)’un Ağır Metal İçeriği Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Bitki gelişimi ve gıda güvenliği üzerinde olumsuz etkileri olan ağır metallerin bitkilere bulaşması, ciddi bir küresel sorun olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Ağır metallerin taş ocağı faaliyetli kontaminasyonunu ortaya çıkarmak için aktif taş ocağı, terk edilmiş (pasif) taş ocağı ve kontrol sahasından olmak üzere Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (eğrelti otu) örneklerinin krom (Cr), demir (Fe), nikel (Ni), bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn), arsenik (As), kurşun (Pb), kadmiyum (Cd), mangan (Mn) ve kobalt (Co) içerikleri (mg kg-1) belirlendi. Bitki örneklerindeki ağır metal içeriklerinin aktif taş ocağı sahasında en yüksek, pasif taş ocağı sahasında orta seviyede, en düşük ise kontrol sahasında olduğu tespit edildi. Yıkanmış bitki örneklerinin ağır metal içerikleri yıkanmamış örneklere göre daha düşük seviyede bulundu. Eğrelti otu için hesaplanan zenginleştirme faktörleri (EFbitki) değerleri sırasıyla Zn>Pb>Cd>Ni>Cu>Cr>Fe>As>Mn>Co şeklinde olarak belirlendi. Tüm elementlerin birbirleri ile pozitif yönde, çok güçlü ve önemli seviyede ilişkileri olduğu ortaya çıkarıldı. Sonuçlar taş ocağı faaliyetlerinin eğrelti otundaki Cr, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Pb, Cd, Mn ve Co kirliliğine katkıda bulunduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ağır metal , Kirlilik , Pteridium aquilinum , Taş ocağı , Türkiye.

Teşekkür

Bitkilerin teşhisindeki katkılarından dolayı Prof. Dr. Serdar MAKBUL’a teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Makalenin inceleme ve değerlendirme aşamasında yapmış oldukları katkılardan dolayı editör ve hakemlere teşekkür ederim.

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