HEALTH PROFILES OF OECD COUNTRIES

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the health profiles of selected OECD countries according to indicators of health expenditures, perceived health status, elderly population, obesity, life expectancy, and under-five mortality. Method: This cross-sectional and descriptive study, conducted using 2023 data, examined secondary data from 26 OECD countries. Countries were evaluated in terms of current health expenditure per capita, proportion of the population perceiving their health status as good/very good, proportion of the population aged 65 and over, adult obesity prevalence, life expectancy at birth, and under-five mortality rate. By evaluating the indicators together, the countries were divided into four different health profiles. Findings: It was determined that the countries formed four different health profiles. The first profile was characterized by high health expenditure, high perceived health, high life expectancy, and low mortality. In the second profile, despite high health expenditures and life expectancy, differences were observed in perceived health and obesity indicators. The third profile stood out with relatively positive health outcomes despite low/moderate health expenditures. The fourth profile was characterized by low health expenditure, high obesity, low life expectancy, and high under-five mortality, and only Turkey was included in this profile. Conclusion: It was observed that the health performance of OECD countries cannot be explained solely by the level of health expenditure; different combinations of health indicators shape the health profiles of countries. The findings highlight the importance of multidimensional approaches in evaluating health systems.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• OECD
• Health Profile
• Obesity
• Perceived Health
• Population Aged 65 and Over.

Etik Beyan

This study was based on secondary data publicly available from the OECD, therefore ethics committee approval was not required.

OECD ÜLKELERİNİN SAĞLIK PROFİLLERİ

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, seçili OECD ülkelerinin sağlık harcamaları, algılanan sağlık durumu, yaşlı nüfus, obezite, yaşam beklentisi ve beş yaş altı mortalite göstergelerine göre sağlık profillerini karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: 2023 yılı verileri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen bu kesitsel, tanımlayıcıı araştırmada 26 OECD ülkesine ait ikincil veriler incelenmiştir. Ülkeler; kişi başına cari sağlık harcaması, sağlık durumunu iyi/çok iyi olarak algılayan nüfus oranı, 65 yaş ve üzeri nüfus oranı, yetişkin obezite prevalansı, doğuşta beklenen yaşam süresi ve beş yaş altı mortalite hızı açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Göstergelerin birlikte değerlendirilmesiyle ülkeler dört farklı sağlık profiline ayrılmıştır. Bulgular: Ülkelerin dört farklı sağlık profili oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Birinci profil yüksek sağlık harcaması, yüksek algılanan sağlık, yüksek yaşam beklentisi ve düşük mortalite ile karakterize edilmiştir. İkinci profilde yüksek sağlık harcamaları ve yaşam beklentisine karşın algılanan sağlık ve obezite göstergelerinde farklılıklar görülmüştür. Üçüncü profil, düşük/orta sağlık harcamalarına rağmen görece olumlu sağlık sonuçlarıyla öne çıkmıştır. Dördüncü profil ise düşük sağlık harcaması, yüksek obezite, düşük yaşam beklentisi ve yüksek beş yaş altı mortalite ile karakterize edilmiş ve yalnızca Türkiye bu profilde yer almıştır. Sonuç: OECD ülkelerinin sağlık performansının yalnızca sağlık harcaması düzeyiyle açıklanamayacağı, sağlık göstergelerinin farklı bileşimlerinin ülkelerin sağlık profillerini şekillendirdiği görülmüştür. Bulgular, sağlık sistemlerinin değerlendirilmesinde çok boyutlu yaklaşımların önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• OECD
• Sağlık Profili
• Obezite
• Algılanan Sağlık
• 65 Yaş ve Üzeri Nüfus

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, OECD tarafından kamuya açık yayımlanan ikincil verilere dayandığından etik kurul onayı alınmamıştır.

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