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ASSESSMENT OF PASSENGER SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TURKISH AND INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE MARKETS

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 1, 15 - 33, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.35344/japss.1746620

Öz

Air transportation today functions not only as a means of travel but also as a strategic sector that facilitates social mobility, enhances quality of life, and fulfils public service obligations. Within this framework, understanding user perceptions of airline service quality is vital for shaping effective social policies in the sector. The purpose of this study is to examine and compare economy-class passenger evaluations of airline service quality, thereby identifying strengths and weaknesses across different carriers. This study conducted a content analysis of 1,129 economy-class passenger reviews posted in 2024 on Tripadvisor for four airlines: Delta Airlines (Brand Finance Global 500) and Turkish Airlines, Pegasus, and SunExpress (Brand Finance Turkey 100). Nine service categories were identified: legroom, seat comfort, in-flight entertainment, customer service, value for money, cleanliness, check-in and boarding, and food and beverage. Data normality was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk method, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were applied to identify inter-airline differences. Findings revealed that Delta Airlines received significantly higher scores across all categories, while Turkish Airlines consistently scored lower, with the highest mean in cleanliness (2.117/5). Correlation analysis showed positive associations between service categories, emphasizing the holistic nature of passenger experiences. The study recommends that airlines utilize digital feedback proactively and suggests expanding future research to include diverse cabin classes, broader service metrics, and multiple review platforms.

Kaynakça

  • Aktemur, Ş. (2024). Assessing the Turkish airline industry through the lens of experience economy: A content analysis of airline experience. Research in Aviation Management, 4(1), 24-38.
  • Amerta, L., & Madhavi, I. (2023). Exploring service quality and customer satisfaction in the service industry: A mixed-methods analysis. Journal on Economics, Management and Business Technology, 2(1), 1-16.
  • Aslan, H. (2025). Havacılık sektörünün ekonomik kalkınmadaki rolü. Havacılık Ekonomisi Dergisi, 12(2), 45-61.
  • Atalık, G., & Arslan, M. (2009). Türkiye’de özel havayolu işletmelerinin gelişimi ve rekabet koşulları. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), 85-104.
  • Ban, H. J., & Kim, H. S. (2019). Understanding customer experience and satisfaction through airline passengers’ online review. Sustainability, 11(15), 4066.
  • Brochado, A., Rita, P., Oliveira, C., & Oliveira, F. (2019). Airline passengers’ perceptions of service quality: Themes in online reviews. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(2), 855-873.
  • Buhalis, D. (1998). Strategic use of information technologies in the tourism industry. Tourism management, 19(5), 409-421.
  • Deng, T. (2013). Impacts of transport infrastructure on productivity and economic growth: Recent advances and research challenges. Transport Reviews, 33(6), 686-699.
  • DHMI. (2024). 2023 yılı hava trafiği istatistikleri. Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü. Retrieved from https://www.dhmi.gov.tr
  • Dike, S. E., Davis, Z., Abrahams, A., Anjomshoae, A., & Ractham, P. (2024). Evaluation of passengers' expectations and satisfaction in the airline industry: an empirical performance analysis of online reviews. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 31(2), 611-639.
  • Erdogan, D., & Kaya, E. (2014). Understanding performance indicators of organizational achievement in Turkish airline companies. Journal of Management Research, 6(4), 109-123.
  • Gilbert, D., & Wong, R. K. C. (2003). Passenger expectations and airline services: A Hong Kong based study. Tourism Management, 24(5), 519–532.
  • Hajjar, S. T. (2018). Statistical analysis: Internal-consistency reliability and construct validity. International Journal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods, 6(1), 27-38.
  • Igwe, F. N., Ozoalor, M. C., Okpara, E. D., Momoh, M. O., Awode, E. I., & El-Suleiman, A. (2023). Air Transport System: A Review on the Advancement, Opportunities and Challenges. ATBU Journal of Science, Technology and Education, 11(2), 205-216.
  • Işık, M. (2015). Türkiye’de iç hat yolcu taşımacılığı ve gelişim süreci. Ulaştırma ve Lojistik Dergisi, 3(1), 59-72.
  • James, E. E., Inyang, B. I., Akene, D. O., Odinka, P. C., & Akabomita, C. M. (2023). Airline service quality and passengers’ loyalty in the Nigerian civil aviation sector. Research Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2(1), 18-37.
  • Kasper, H., Helsdingen, P., & Gabbott, M. (1999). Services marketing management: A strategic perspective. Wiley.
  • Kimberlin, C. L., & Winterstein, A. G. (2008). Validity and reliability of measurement instruments used in research. American journal of health-system pharmacy, 65(23), 2276-2284.
  • Lee, J., & Mo, J. (2011). Analysis of technological innovation and environmental performance improvement in aviation sector. International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(9), 3777-3795.
  • Ling, B., Guo, X., & Yang, C. (2005). The effects of cultural background on customer perception of service quality. Journal of Asian Business, 21(2), 65–85.
  • Lynes, J. K., & Dredge, D. (2006). Going green: Motivations for environmental commitment in the airline industry. A case study of Scandinavian Airlines. Journal of sustainable tourism, 14(2), 116-138.
  • Matila, E., & Akpinar, M. (2018). Turkey and Turkish Airlines: Facing challenges of competitiveness. Finnish Business Review.
  • Mhlongo, S., Mbatha, K., Ramatsetse, B., & Dlamini, R. (2023). Challenges, opportunities, and prospects of adopting and using smart digital technologies in learning environments: An iterative review. Heliyon, 9(6).
  • Mihălcescu, C., Sion, B., Vlăgioiu, A., & Neagu, V. (2024). The Strategy of Diversifying the Services Offered by The Tripadvisor Company. Romanian Economic and Business Review, 19(1), 110-121.
  • Nalbantoğlu, C. B., & Kansoy, S. U. (2023). Measuring Perception of Organizational Dissent in Manufacturing and Service Businesses. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 10(21), 260-278.
  • Nhuta, S. (2012). An analysis of the forces that determine the competitive intensity in the airline industry and the implications for strategy. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(9), 433-469.
  • Oktal, H. (2007). Havacılık sektörünün ekonomik gelişime etkisi. Ulaştırma Politikaları Dergisi, 2(1), 13-26.
  • Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1985). A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing, 49(4), 41–50.
  • Park, J. H., Zhang, A., & Zhang, Y. (2001). Analytical models of international alliances in the airline industry. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 35(9), 865-886.
  • Pencarelli, T. (2020). The digital revolution in the travel and tourism industry. Information technology & tourism, 22(3), 455-476.
  • Razali, N. M., & Wah, Y. B. (2011). Power comparisons of shapiro-wilk, kolmogorov-smirnov, lilliefors and anderson-darling tests. Journal of statistical modeling and analytics, 2(1), 21-33.
  • Rust, R. T., & Lemon, K. N. (2001). E-service and the consumer. International journal of electronic commerce, 5(3), 85-101.
  • Şahin, A., & Şen, M. (2017). Hizmet kalitesi ve müşteri memnuniyeti ilişkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(1), 17-29.
  • Scott, S. V., & Orlikowski, W. J. (2014). Entanglements in practice. MIS quarterly, 38(3), 873-894
  • Silvestri, C., Aquilani, B., & Ruggieri, A. (2017). Service quality and customer satisfaction in thermal tourism. The TQM Journal, 29(1), 55-81.
  • Taşkın, Ç. (2000). Kalite kavramının gelişimi ve işletmeler açısından önemi. Kalite ve Verimlilik Dergisi, 2(3), 27-35.
  • Tiernan, S., Rhoades, D. L., & Waguespack, B. (2008). Airline service quality: Exploratory analysis of consumer perceptions. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 1(3), 248–264.
  • Torlak, Ö., & Şanal, M. (2007). Türkiye’de havacılık sektörünün gelişimi ve özel havayolu şirketlerinin rolü. İktisat ve Uygulama Dergisi, 11(1), 77-91.
  • Tsafarakis, S., Kokotas, T., & Pantouvakis, A. (2018). A multiple criteria approach for airline passenger satisfaction measurement and service quality improvement. Journal of air transport management, 68, 61-75.
  • Upadhyay, R. K., Singh, V. P., & Kumar, A. (2024). Sustainable transportation: Policy, planning, and implementation. In Energy Efficient Vehicles (pp. 74-95). CRC Press.
  • Wensveen, J. G. (2016). Air transportation: A management perspective. Routledge.
  • Wittmer, A., Hinnen, G., & Linden, E. (2020). Airline passengers. In Air Transport Management (pp. 165-178). Routledge.
  • Xiang, Z., Magnini, V. P., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2015). Information technology and consumer behavior in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the internet. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 22, 244-249.
  • Yaylalı, E., & Dilek, S. E. (2009). Türkiye’de havacılık sektöründeki gelişmelerin analizi. Ulaştırma Ekonomisi Dergisi, 6(2), 17-29.
  • Yeh, C. H., & Kuo, Y. L. (2003). Evaluating passenger services of Asia-Pacific international airports. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 39(1), 35-48.
  • Yıldız, S., & Yıldız, B. (2015). Hizmet kalitesi algısı ve müşteri memnuniyeti ilişkisi: Bankacılık sektörü üzerine bir araştırma. İşletme ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1), 50–63.

YOLCU MEMNUNİYETİ VE HİZMET KALİTESİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: TÜRK VE ULUSLARARASI HAVAYOLU PİYASALARININ KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 1, 15 - 33, 29.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.35344/japss.1746620

Öz

Hava taşımacılığı günümüzde yalnızca bir seyahat aracı değil, aynı zamanda sosyal hareketliliği kolaylaştıran, yaşam kalitesini artıran ve kamu hizmeti yükümlülüklerini yerine getiren stratejik bir sektördür. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekonomi sınıfı yolcularının havayolu hizmet kalitesine ilişkin değerlendirmelerini incelemek ve karşılaştırmak, böylece farklı taşıyıcılar arasında güçlü ve zayıf yönleri belirlemektir. Bu çerçevede, havayolu hizmet kalitesine ilişkin kullanıcı algılarını anlamak, sektörde etkili sosyal politikalar şekillendirmek için hayati önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 2024 yılında Tripadvisor'da dört havayolu için yayınlanan 1.129 ekonomi sınıfı yolcu yorumunun içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir: Delta Airlines (Brand Finance Global 500) ve Türk Hava Yolları, Pegasus ve SunExpress (Brand Finance Turkey 100). Dokuz hizmet kategorisi belirlenmiştir: “ayak koyma alanı”, “uçak içi eğlence”, “fiyat-performans”, “check-in ve biniş süreci”, “koltuk konforu”, “müşteri hizmetleri”, “temizlik” ve “yiyecek ve içecek hizmetleri” . Veri normalliği Shapiro-Wilk yöntemi kullanılarak test edilmiş ve havayolları arası farklılıkları belirlemek için Kruskal-Wallis testleri uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, Delta Airlines'ın tüm kategorilerde önemli ölçüde daha yüksek puanlar aldığını, Türk Hava Yolları'nın ise temizlik kategorisinde en yüksek ortalamaya (2.117/5) sahip olarak sürekli olarak daha düşük puanlar aldığını ortaya koymuştur. Korelasyon analizi, hizmet kategorileri arasında pozitif ilişkiler olduğunu göstererek yolcu deneyimlerinin bütünsel yapısını vurgulamıştır. Çalışma, havayollarının dijital geri bildirimleri proaktif bir şekilde kullanmasını ve gelecekteki araştırmaların çeşitli kabin sınıflarını, daha geniş hizmet metriklerini ve birden fazla inceleme platformunu kapsayacak şekilde genişletilmesini önermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aktemur, Ş. (2024). Assessing the Turkish airline industry through the lens of experience economy: A content analysis of airline experience. Research in Aviation Management, 4(1), 24-38.
  • Amerta, L., & Madhavi, I. (2023). Exploring service quality and customer satisfaction in the service industry: A mixed-methods analysis. Journal on Economics, Management and Business Technology, 2(1), 1-16.
  • Aslan, H. (2025). Havacılık sektörünün ekonomik kalkınmadaki rolü. Havacılık Ekonomisi Dergisi, 12(2), 45-61.
  • Atalık, G., & Arslan, M. (2009). Türkiye’de özel havayolu işletmelerinin gelişimi ve rekabet koşulları. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), 85-104.
  • Ban, H. J., & Kim, H. S. (2019). Understanding customer experience and satisfaction through airline passengers’ online review. Sustainability, 11(15), 4066.
  • Brochado, A., Rita, P., Oliveira, C., & Oliveira, F. (2019). Airline passengers’ perceptions of service quality: Themes in online reviews. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 31(2), 855-873.
  • Buhalis, D. (1998). Strategic use of information technologies in the tourism industry. Tourism management, 19(5), 409-421.
  • Deng, T. (2013). Impacts of transport infrastructure on productivity and economic growth: Recent advances and research challenges. Transport Reviews, 33(6), 686-699.
  • DHMI. (2024). 2023 yılı hava trafiği istatistikleri. Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi Genel Müdürlüğü. Retrieved from https://www.dhmi.gov.tr
  • Dike, S. E., Davis, Z., Abrahams, A., Anjomshoae, A., & Ractham, P. (2024). Evaluation of passengers' expectations and satisfaction in the airline industry: an empirical performance analysis of online reviews. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 31(2), 611-639.
  • Erdogan, D., & Kaya, E. (2014). Understanding performance indicators of organizational achievement in Turkish airline companies. Journal of Management Research, 6(4), 109-123.
  • Gilbert, D., & Wong, R. K. C. (2003). Passenger expectations and airline services: A Hong Kong based study. Tourism Management, 24(5), 519–532.
  • Hajjar, S. T. (2018). Statistical analysis: Internal-consistency reliability and construct validity. International Journal of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods, 6(1), 27-38.
  • Igwe, F. N., Ozoalor, M. C., Okpara, E. D., Momoh, M. O., Awode, E. I., & El-Suleiman, A. (2023). Air Transport System: A Review on the Advancement, Opportunities and Challenges. ATBU Journal of Science, Technology and Education, 11(2), 205-216.
  • Işık, M. (2015). Türkiye’de iç hat yolcu taşımacılığı ve gelişim süreci. Ulaştırma ve Lojistik Dergisi, 3(1), 59-72.
  • James, E. E., Inyang, B. I., Akene, D. O., Odinka, P. C., & Akabomita, C. M. (2023). Airline service quality and passengers’ loyalty in the Nigerian civil aviation sector. Research Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 2(1), 18-37.
  • Kasper, H., Helsdingen, P., & Gabbott, M. (1999). Services marketing management: A strategic perspective. Wiley.
  • Kimberlin, C. L., & Winterstein, A. G. (2008). Validity and reliability of measurement instruments used in research. American journal of health-system pharmacy, 65(23), 2276-2284.
  • Lee, J., & Mo, J. (2011). Analysis of technological innovation and environmental performance improvement in aviation sector. International journal of environmental research and public health, 8(9), 3777-3795.
  • Ling, B., Guo, X., & Yang, C. (2005). The effects of cultural background on customer perception of service quality. Journal of Asian Business, 21(2), 65–85.
  • Lynes, J. K., & Dredge, D. (2006). Going green: Motivations for environmental commitment in the airline industry. A case study of Scandinavian Airlines. Journal of sustainable tourism, 14(2), 116-138.
  • Matila, E., & Akpinar, M. (2018). Turkey and Turkish Airlines: Facing challenges of competitiveness. Finnish Business Review.
  • Mhlongo, S., Mbatha, K., Ramatsetse, B., & Dlamini, R. (2023). Challenges, opportunities, and prospects of adopting and using smart digital technologies in learning environments: An iterative review. Heliyon, 9(6).
  • Mihălcescu, C., Sion, B., Vlăgioiu, A., & Neagu, V. (2024). The Strategy of Diversifying the Services Offered by The Tripadvisor Company. Romanian Economic and Business Review, 19(1), 110-121.
  • Nalbantoğlu, C. B., & Kansoy, S. U. (2023). Measuring Perception of Organizational Dissent in Manufacturing and Service Businesses. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 10(21), 260-278.
  • Nhuta, S. (2012). An analysis of the forces that determine the competitive intensity in the airline industry and the implications for strategy. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(9), 433-469.
  • Oktal, H. (2007). Havacılık sektörünün ekonomik gelişime etkisi. Ulaştırma Politikaları Dergisi, 2(1), 13-26.
  • Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1985). A conceptual model of service quality and its implications for future research. Journal of Marketing, 49(4), 41–50.
  • Park, J. H., Zhang, A., & Zhang, Y. (2001). Analytical models of international alliances in the airline industry. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 35(9), 865-886.
  • Pencarelli, T. (2020). The digital revolution in the travel and tourism industry. Information technology & tourism, 22(3), 455-476.
  • Razali, N. M., & Wah, Y. B. (2011). Power comparisons of shapiro-wilk, kolmogorov-smirnov, lilliefors and anderson-darling tests. Journal of statistical modeling and analytics, 2(1), 21-33.
  • Rust, R. T., & Lemon, K. N. (2001). E-service and the consumer. International journal of electronic commerce, 5(3), 85-101.
  • Şahin, A., & Şen, M. (2017). Hizmet kalitesi ve müşteri memnuniyeti ilişkisi. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(1), 17-29.
  • Scott, S. V., & Orlikowski, W. J. (2014). Entanglements in practice. MIS quarterly, 38(3), 873-894
  • Silvestri, C., Aquilani, B., & Ruggieri, A. (2017). Service quality and customer satisfaction in thermal tourism. The TQM Journal, 29(1), 55-81.
  • Taşkın, Ç. (2000). Kalite kavramının gelişimi ve işletmeler açısından önemi. Kalite ve Verimlilik Dergisi, 2(3), 27-35.
  • Tiernan, S., Rhoades, D. L., & Waguespack, B. (2008). Airline service quality: Exploratory analysis of consumer perceptions. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 1(3), 248–264.
  • Torlak, Ö., & Şanal, M. (2007). Türkiye’de havacılık sektörünün gelişimi ve özel havayolu şirketlerinin rolü. İktisat ve Uygulama Dergisi, 11(1), 77-91.
  • Tsafarakis, S., Kokotas, T., & Pantouvakis, A. (2018). A multiple criteria approach for airline passenger satisfaction measurement and service quality improvement. Journal of air transport management, 68, 61-75.
  • Upadhyay, R. K., Singh, V. P., & Kumar, A. (2024). Sustainable transportation: Policy, planning, and implementation. In Energy Efficient Vehicles (pp. 74-95). CRC Press.
  • Wensveen, J. G. (2016). Air transportation: A management perspective. Routledge.
  • Wittmer, A., Hinnen, G., & Linden, E. (2020). Airline passengers. In Air Transport Management (pp. 165-178). Routledge.
  • Xiang, Z., Magnini, V. P., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2015). Information technology and consumer behavior in travel and tourism: Insights from travel planning using the internet. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 22, 244-249.
  • Yaylalı, E., & Dilek, S. E. (2009). Türkiye’de havacılık sektöründeki gelişmelerin analizi. Ulaştırma Ekonomisi Dergisi, 6(2), 17-29.
  • Yeh, C. H., & Kuo, Y. L. (2003). Evaluating passenger services of Asia-Pacific international airports. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 39(1), 35-48.
  • Yıldız, S., & Yıldız, B. (2015). Hizmet kalitesi algısı ve müşteri memnuniyeti ilişkisi: Bankacılık sektörü üzerine bir araştırma. İşletme ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 13(1), 50–63.
Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kalite Yönetimi
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Emine Öztürk Koçali 0000-0001-8975-9459

Vefa Sümeyye Korkmaz 0000-0003-1345-6018

Kaan Koçali 0000-0002-1329-6176

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Temmuz 2025
Kabul Tarihi 23 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Öztürk Koçali, E., Korkmaz, V. S., & Koçali, K. (2025). ASSESSMENT OF PASSENGER SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TURKISH AND INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE MARKETS. Journal of Academic Perspective on Social Studies(1), 15-33. https://doi.org/10.35344/japss.1746620