Eklemeli İmalat ile Üretilen Baş Üstü Dolabı Kilit Yuvası Parçalarının Yüzey Pürüzlülüğünün Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1, 71 - 86, 28.02.2026

Yusuf Kahraman , Özlem Yağci , İlyas İnce

https://doi.org/10.51785/jar.1797358

https://izlik.org/JA99ZL27BU

Öz

Eklemeli imalat yöntemlerinin endüstriyel uygulamaları gün geçtikçe artmakta ve kullanım alanları genişlemektedir. Havacılık endüstrisinde de bu yöntemin kullanımı hafiflik, üretim kolaylığı, parça başı maliyet vb. konularda büyük avantajlar sağlayabilmektedir. Uçak kabinleri içerisinde yer alan komponentler tüm uçak ağırlığının yaklaşık yüzde 10’unu oluşturmaktadır ve bu komponentlerin birçoğu yolcuların görebileceği alanlarda yer almaktadır. Bu bağlamda kabinde yer alan parçaların görünümleri önem arz etmektedir ve eklemeli imalat ile üretilen kabin içi parçaların da uygun yüzey kalitesine sahip olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, eriyik yığma modelleme (FDM) ve seçici lazer sinterleme (SLS) yöntemiyle üretilen kilit yuvası parçalarına uygulanan çeşitli yüzey işlemleri sonrası yüzey pürüzlülükleri test edilmiştir. Pürüzlülük ölçümü ve üç boyutlu yüzey topografilerinin incelenmesi için mekanik profilometre ve optik profilometre cihazları kullanılmıştır. Üretim yöntemi ve uygulanan işlemler göz önünde bulundurularak yüzey kalitesi açısından orijinal ürünün yerine kullanılabilecek alternatif malzemeler arasında bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eklemeli imalat , Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü , Uçak , Kabin İçi

Etik Beyan

Yazarlar, araştırmanın etik standartlara uygun olarak yürütüldüğünü beyan eder. Bu çalışma insan katılımcılar veya hayvanlar üzerinde herhangi bir deneyi içermemektedir. Bu çalışma ile ilgili herhangi bir çıkar çatışması veya etik sorun bulunmamaktadır.

Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Additively Manufactured Overhead Bin Latch Housings

https://izlik.org/JA99ZL27BU

Öz

Additive manufacturing (AM) is extensively used in industry with its expanding application areas. The use of additive manufacturing in the aviation industry offers a series of advantages such as lightweight, ease of production and cost effectiveness. Cabin interior components of an airplane constitute approximately 10 percent of its entire weight, and many of these items are visible to passengers. Therefore, the appearance of these parts is an important concern. In this context, it is important to manufacture additively manufactured cabin interior parts with good surface quality since it is challenging to achieve optimal surface finish. In this study, surface roughness of overhead bin latch housings were compared which were manufactured with Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Mechanical profilometer and optical profilometer were used for measurement of roughness values and obtaining surface topography. Considering the manufacturing method and surface finish processes, an evaluation was conducted to assess alternative materials for replacing the original product.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Additive Manufacturing , Surface Roughness , Aircraft , Cabin interior

Etik Beyan

The authors declare that the research was conducted in accordance with ethical standards. This study did not involve human participants or animals. There are no conflicts of interest or ethical issues associated with this work.

Kaynakça

• Aeromag. (2017). Adding value with 3D printing. https://aero-mag.com/airbus-a350-xwb-a320-neo-3d-printing-aerospace-sector-stratasys-ultem-9085-fused-depositio (Accessed: 5 October 2025).
• Aerospace Technology Institute. (2020). FZO-AIR-POS-0039-Sustainable-Cabin-Design. https://amfg.ai/2020/07/27/application-spotlight-3d-printing-for-aircraft-cabins/ (Accessed: 5 October 2025).
• Aircraft Interiors International. (2023). Airline sustainability – the inside story. https://www.aircraftinteriorsinternational.com/features/airline-sustainability-the-inside-story.html (Accessed: 5 October 2025).
• Altan, M., Eryildiz, M., Gumus, B., & Kahraman, Y. (2018). Effects of process parameters on the quality of PLA products fabricated by fused deposition modeling (FDM): surface roughness and tensile strength. Materials Testing, 60(5), 471-477.
• Bhandari, S., Lopez-Anido, R. A., & Gardner, D. J. (2019). Enhancing the interlayer tensile strength of 3D printed short carbon fiber reinforced PETG and PLA composites via annealing. Additive Manufacturing, 30, 100922.
• Esposito, G. R., Dingemans, T. J., & Pearson, R. A. (2021). Changes in polyamide 11 microstructure and chemistry during selective laser sintering. Additive Manufacturing, 48, 102445.
• Fischer, M., & Schöppner, V. (2013). Some investigations regarding the surface treatment of Ultem* 9085 parts manufactured with fused deposition modeling.
• Gill, M. (2018). Best industry practices for aircraft decommissioning (BIPAD). Montreal–Geneva: IATA. Hart, K. R., Dunn, R. M., Sietins, J. M., Mock, C. M. H., Mackay, M. E., & Wetzel, E. D. (2018). Increased fracture toughness of additively manufactured amorphous thermoplastics via thermal annealing. Polymer, 144, 192–204.
• IATA. (2024). Passenger demand up 11% in April. https://www.iata.org/en/pressroom/2024-releases/2024-05-30-01/ (Accessed: 5 October 2025).
• Jhabvala, J., Boillat, E., & Glardon, R. (2013). Study of the inter-particle necks in selective laser sintering. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 19(2), 111–117.
• Kalender, M., Kılıç, S. E., Ersoy, S., Bozkurt, Y., & Salman, S. (2019). Additive manufacturing and 3D printer technology in aerospace industry. 9th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST). Istanbul, Turkey.
• Kamber, F. (2019). Implementing 3D printers to produce airworthy aircraft cabin parts (Published MSc Thesis). Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.
• Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2023). Effects of annealing temperature and duration on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured polymer components. European Mechanical Science, 7(3), 152–159.
• Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2023). Influence of abrasive water jet turning operating parameters on surface roughness of 3D printed polymer parts. International Journal of 3D Printing Technologies and Digital Industry, 7(2), 184–190.s
• Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2024). Experimental investigation and optimization of the effect of garnet vibratory tumbling as a post-process on the surface quality of 3D printed PLA parts. European Mechanical Science, 8(1), 19–28.
• Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2025) Mechanical performance optimization in FFF 3D printing using Taguchi design and machine learning approach with PLA/walnut Shell composites filaments. Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 31(3), 622-638.
• Kartal, F., & Kaptan, A. (2025). Sustainable reinforcement of PLA composites with waste beech sawdust for enhanced 3D-Printing performance. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 34(14), 15248-15259.
• Kluska, E., Gruda, P., & Majca-Nowak, N. (2018). The accuracy and printing resolution comparison of different 3D printing technologies. Transactions on Aerospace Research, 2018(3), 69–86.
• Kobenko, S., Dejus, D., Jātnieks, J., Pazars, D., & Glaskova-Kuzmina, T. (2022). Structural integrity of the aircraft interior spare parts produced by additive manufacturing. Polymers, 14(8), 1538.
• Kudelski, R., Cieslik, J., Kulpa, M., Dudek, P., Zagorski, K., & Rumin, R. (2017). Comparison of cost, material and time usage in FDM and SLS 3D printing methods. XIIIth International Conference on Perspective Technologies and Methods in MEMS Design (MEMSTECH). Lviv, Ukraine.
• Kumar, R., Kumar, M., & Awasthi, K. (2016). Functionalized Pd-decorated and aligned MWCNTs in polycarbonate as a selective membrane for hydrogen separation. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 41(48), 23057–23066.
• Long, J., Nand, A., & Ray, S. (2021). Application of spectroscopy in additive manufacturing. Materials, 14(1), 203.
• Oelichmann, J. (1989). Surface and depth-profile analysis using FTIR spectroscopy. Fresenius’ Zeitschrift für Analytische Chemie, 333(4), 353–359.
• Ouassil, S. E., El Magri, A., Vanaei, H. R., & Vaudreuil, S. (2023). Investigating the effect of printing conditions and annealing on the porosity and tensile behavior of 3D‐printed polyetherimide material in Z‐direction. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 140(4), e53353.
• Peng, X., Kong, L., Fuh, J. Y. H., & Wang, H. (2021). A review of post-processing technologies in additive manufacturing. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing, 5(2), 38.
• Petzold, S., Klett, J., Schauer, A., & Osswald, T. A. (2019). Surface roughness of polyamide 12 parts manufactured using selective laser sintering. Polymer Testing, 80, 106094.
• Rajan, A. J., Sugavaneswaran, M., Prashanthi, B., Deshmukh, S., & Jose, S. (2020). Influence of vapour smoothing process parameters on fused deposition modelling parts surface roughness at different build orientations. Materials Today: Proceedings, 22, 2772–2778.
• Rapid 3D Event. (2025). Benefits of additive manufacturing. https://www.rapid3devent.com/event/news/benefits-additive-manufacturing/ (Accessed: 5 October 2025).
• Saracyakupoğlu, T. (2022). Comprehensive literature research of the additively manufactured airborne parts. Journal of Aviation Research, 4(1), 1–24.
• Sengur, F. K., & Altuntas, O. (2023). Taking off for net-zero aviation: Sustainability policies and collaborative industry actions. In Achieving Net Zero: Challenges and Opportunities (1st ed.). Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited.
• Singamneni, S., Yifan, L. V., Hewitt, A., Chalk, R., Thomas, W., & Jordison, D. (2019). Additive manufacturing for the aircraft industry: A review. Journal of Aeronautics & Aerospace Engineering, 8(1), 351–371.
• Stratasys. (2020, March 24). Stratasys additive manufacturing chosen by Airbus to produce 3D printed flight parts. https://www.stratasys.com/en/resources/blog/airbus-3d-printing/ Accessed: 5 October 2025).
• Tey, W. S., Cai, C., & Zhou, K. (2021). A comprehensive investigation on 3D printing of polyamide 11 and thermoplastic polyurethane via multi jet fusion. Polymers, 13(13), 2139.
• Wach, R. A., Wolszczak, P., & Adamus-Wlodarczyk, A. (2018). Enhancement of mechanical properties of FDM-PLA parts via thermal annealing. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 303(9), 1800169.
• Wong, K. V., & Hernandez, A. (2012). A review of additive manufacturing. International Scholarly Research Notices, 2012(1), 208760.