Kesim Öncesi Kırmızı Et Kalitesini Etkileyen Faktörler

Öz

Bu çalışmada hayvan yetiştirme alanının sınırları dâhilinde kalarak kesim öncesi et kalitesini önleyen bazı faktörler üzerinde durulmuştur. Hayvan sağlığı ve refahı, üretimden tüketime kadar tüm süreçlerde sürü yönetiminde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle hayvan hakları ve refahı göz ardı edildiğinde, hayvanları taşımak için kullanılan araçlar çoğunlukla bu tür bir amaca uygun değildir ve bu durum hayvanlar üzerinde strese neden olabilir. Ayrıca hayvanlar, barınakta bir günden fazla tutulmakta ve başka hayvanların gözü önünde kesilmektedir. Hayvanların mezbaha tesislerinde hayvan pazarından ağıla ve daha sonra mezbahaya taşınması genellikle uygun olmayan şartlarda gerçekleşir. Taşlanır, sopa ve iplerle dövülürler ve diğer insanlık dışı muamelelere maruz kalırlar. Bu konuda birçok çalışanda hayvanlara kötü muamele edilmesinin onların refahını ve et kalitesini etkileyebileceği konusunda yeterli bilgi yoktur. Bu kapsamda canlı ağırlık ve karkas ağırlığı, yağ skoru, hayvanın ırkı, cinsiyeti, yaş ve ağırlık, besleme faktörleri, kesim öncesi yönetim, mezbahaya nakil mesafesi ve koşulları, beslenme ve açlık, yabancı hayvanları nakliye veya kesimden önce karıştırmak, fiziksel aktivite, nakliye ilgili sorunlar ve mezbaha şartları gibi bazı faktörlerin et kalitesini nasıl etkilediği ele alınmıştır. Buna karşı alınabilecek önlemlerin tartışıldığı bu derleme çalışmasının amacı kesim öncesi et kalitesine etki eden bu faktörlerin etkilerinin azaltılmasına yönelik uygulamaları aktarmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kesim öncesi et kalitesi
• hayvan refahı
• kötü muamele
• ırk
• yaş
• cinsiyet

Factors Affecting Red Meat Quality at Pre-Slaughter

Öz

In this study, some factors that prevent pre-slaughter meat quality by staying within the boundaries of the animal breeding area are emphasized. Animal health and welfare are key in herd management throughout all production and consumption processes. Especially when animal rights and welfare are ignored, vehicles used to transport animals are often unsuitable for such a purpose, which can cause stress on the animals. In addition, animals are kept in the shelter for more than one day and slaughtered in front of other animals. The transportation of animals from the animal market to the pen and then to the slaughterhouse often occurs under inappropriate conditions. They are stoned, beaten with sticks and ropes, and subjected to other inhumane treatment. In this regard, many workers do not have enough information that the abuse of animals can affect their welfare and meat quality. In this context, some factors such as live weight and carcass weight, fat score, breed, sex, age and weight, feeding factors, pre-slaughter management, distance and conditions of transportation to slaughterhouse, nutrition and starvation, mixing of foreign animals before transportation or slaughter, physical activity, transportation-related problems, and slaughterhouse conditions were discussed. The aim of this review study, which examines the measures that can be taken against this, is to convey the practices to reduce the effects of these factors that affect the meat quality before slaughter.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• : Pre-slaughter meat quality
• animal welfare
• maltreatment
• breed
• age
• sex

Kaynakça

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