The Nutritional Value and Utilization of Silkworm Pupae

Öz

The silkworm (Bombyx mori L.), traditionally cultivated for silk production for approximately five thousand years, is an economically significant domesticated insect. For commercial silk production, cocoons are harvested before the adults emerge and the pupae are usually killed with steam or hot air before completing their metamorphosis and then silk fibers are reeled. Approximately 2 kg of dry pupae (8 kg of wet pupae) are generated for each kg of raw silk production. Therefore, silkworm pupae are the main byproduct of the silk industry. Silkworm pupae have a rich content of proteins, lipids, essential amino acids, fatty acids and many other nutrients. Silkworm pupae are mostly used as animal feed and fertilizer and are also consumed by humans as an edible insect in some Asian countries. In addition to their high nutritional value, recent studies have also found that silkworm pupae contain a wide variety of bioactive compounds that have pharmacological effects. This review summarizes recent studies on the nutritional value and utilization of silkworm pupae.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Silkworm
• Pupae
• Nutritive value
• Utilization

İpekböceği Pupalarının Besin Değeri ve Kullanımı

Öz

İpekböceği (Bombyx mori L.), yaklaşık beş bin yıldır ipek üretmek için geleneksel olarak yetiştirilen, ekonomik olarak önemli evcilleştirilmiş bir böcektir. Ticari ipek üretiminde kozalar, kelebekler çıkmadan önce hasat edilmekte ve pupalar başkalaşımlarını tamamlamadan önce genellikle buhar veya sıcak hava ile öldürülmektedir. Daha sonra kozalardan ipek iplikleri çekilmektedir. Her bir kg ham ipek üretiminde yaklaşık 2 kg kuru pupa (8 kg yaş pupa) ipek sanayinin başlıca yan ürünü olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. İpekböceği pupaları proteinler, lipitler, esansiyel amino asitler, yağ asitleri ve diğer besin maddeleri açısından zengin bir içeriğe sahiptir. İpekböceği pupaları çoğunlukla hayvan yemi ve gübre olarak kullanılmakta ve bazı Asya ülkelerinde yenilebilir bir böcek olarak insanlar tarafından da tüketilmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda ipekböceği pupalarının yüksek besin değerlerinin yanı sıra farmakolojik etkiler gösteren çok çeşitli bioaktif bileşikler içerdiği de bulunmuştur. Bu derlemede ipekböceği pupalarının besin değeri ve kullanımı konusunda son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İpekböceği
• Pupa
• Besin değeri
• Kullanımı

Kaynakça

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