A multidimensional view of burnout among air traffic controllers

Öz

Air traffic controllers are considered a critical research group for burnout because they are exposed to working conditions characterized by high risk and intense stress. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationships between the core symptoms and the secondary symptoms of burnout using the multidimensional Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT), and to determine whether burnout, its symptoms, and their subdimensions differed according to demographic variables. Data for the study were collected via an online survey from 355 air traffic controllers employed in various air traffic control units in Türkiye. The findings indicated that overall burnout levels were low; however, moderate levels were observed in the exhaustion dimension. No significant differences in overall burnout were found according to gender and experience, although significant differences were detected in certain subdimensions. It was found via regression analyses that the core symptoms positively and significantly predicted the secondary symptoms. In the multiple regression analysis, exhaustion and emotional impairment were found to significantly predict psychological complaints and psychosomatic complaints.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air traffic controller
• aviation
• burnout
• human factor
• stress.

Hava trafik kontrolörlerinde tükenmişliğe çok boyutlu bir bakış

Öz

Hava trafik kontrolörleri yüksek risk ve yoğun stres içeren çalışma koşulları nedeniyle tükenmişlik açısından kritik bir araştırma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı çok boyutlu olan Tükenmişlik Ölçme Aracı (Burnout Assessment Tool-BAT) kullanarak tükenmişliğin birincil semptomları ile ikincil semptomları arasındaki ilişkileri analiz etmek ve tükenmişlik ile semptomları ve alt boyutlarının demografik değişkenler bağlamında farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın verileri Türkiye’deki çeşitli hava trafik kontrol ünitelerinde görev yapan 355 hava trafik kontrolöründen çevrimiçi anket yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Bulgular genel tükenmişlik düzeyinin düşük olduğunu, ancak bitkinlik boyutunda orta düzey tükenmişliğin gözlendiğini ortaya koymuştur. Cinsiyet ve tecrübe değişkenlerine göre genel tükenmişlikte anlamlı bir farklılık saptanmamış, ancak alt boyutlarda anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Regresyon analizleri sonucunda, birincil semptomların ikincil semptomları pozitif ve anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Çoklu regresyon analizinde ise bitkinlik ve duygu denetim bozukluğu değişkenlerinin psikolojik ve psiko-somatik şikâyetleri anlamlı biçimde yordadığı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hava trafik kontrolörü
• havacılık
• tükenmişlik
• insan faktörü
• stres

Kaynakça

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