Havacılık sektöründe yapay zekâ: Pilot deneyimlerine yönelik nitel bir araştırma

Öz

Araştırmanın amacı, havacılık sektöründe yapay zekâ uygulamalarının pilotların gözünden durumlarının analiz edilmesidir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden mülakat tekniği kullanılmıştır. Mülakat soruları literatürden destek alarak hazırlanmış ve çalışmaya uyarlanmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya kolay ulaşılabilir örneklem yöntemi ile 28 pilot dahil edilmiştir. Araştırmada cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim, havacılık sektöründeki rol, havacılık sektöründe deneyim olmak üzere beş tane demografik soru ve araştırmaya katılan pilotlara yöneltilen 11 mülakat sorusu bulunmaktadır. Elde edilen veriler MAXQDA 2022 nitel analiz programından destek alınarak analiz edilmiştir. Veriler programa aktarılmış ve içerik analiz yöntemi ile tema ve kodlar oluşturulmuştur. Örüntüler ve kod frekansları üzerinden içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; araştırmaya katılan pilotların çoğunluğu yapay zekâyı faydalı ve kolaylık sağlayıcı bir teknoloji olarak görmekle birlikte, dikkat edilmesi gerektiği, kontrollü kullanılması gerektiği, karar destek için önemli olduğu, geleceğin belirleyicisi olduğunu düşünülmektedirler. Pilotların çoğunluğu yapay zekânın havacılık sektöründe kullanılması gerektiğini düşünmekle birlikte bazıları belirli alanlarda kullanılması gerektiğini düşünmektedirler. Pilotların çoğunluğunun yapay zekâya uyum sağlamada zorluk çekmeyeceklerini düşündükleri görülmektedir. Pilotlar iş yükünü azaltma, bilgiye ulaşma, planlama, maliyet, zaman tasarrufu, insan hatalarını azaltma, emniyet, hızlı ve doğru karar verme, destek, yakıt tasarrufu, doğru ve hızlı uçuş ve uçak planlaması gibi faydalarının olduğunu, yetenekleri köreltmesi ve rehavet, istihdam ve işgücünü azaltması, yapay zekânın kontrol edilememesi, her şeyi yapay zekâdan bekleme gibi olumsuz etkilerinin olabileceğini düşünmektedirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Havacılık Sektörü
• Yapay Zeka
• pilotlar

Artificial intelligence in the aviation industry: A qualitative research on pilot experiences

Öz

The aim of this research is to analyze the status of artificial intelligence applications in the aviation sector from the perspective of pilots. The research utilized interview technique, a qualitative research method. Interview questions were prepared based on the literature and adapted for the study. A semi-structured interview form was used as the data collection tool. 28 pilots were included in the study using a convenient sampling method. The research included five demographic questions (gender, age, education, role in the aviation sector, and experience in the aviation sector) and 11 interview questions posed to the participating pilots. The data were analyzed using the MAXQDA 2022 qualitative analysis program. The data were transferred to the program, and themes and codes were created using content analysis. Content analysis was performed through patterns and code frequencies. According to the findings, while most participating pilots view artificial intelligence as a useful and convenient technology, they also believe it requires caution, should be used in a controlled manner, is important for decision support, and is a determinant of the future. While most pilots believe that artificial intelligence should be used in the aviation sector, some believe it should be used in specific areas. It appears that most pilots believe they will not have difficulty adapting to artificial intelligence. Pilots believe that it offers benefits such as reduced workload, access to information, planning, cost and time savings, reduced human error, increased safety, faster and more accurate decision-making, support, fuel savings, accurate and rapid flight and aircraft planning. However, they also believe that it can have negative effects such as dulling skills and leading to complacency, reduced employment and workforce, the inability to control artificial intelligence, and expecting everything from AI.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aviation Industry
• Artificial Intelligence
• Pilots

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