Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 13 - 29, 20.06.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Adams, T. W., “The First Republic of Cyprus: A Review of an Unworkable Constitution”, The Western Political Quarterly, 19, no. 3 (September 1966): 475-490. Blay, Samuel Kwaw Nyameke, “Self-Determination in Cyprus: The New Dimensions of an Old Conflict”, Australian Year Book of International Law, 10, no. 72, (1983): 67-100. Campbell-Thomson, Olgas, “Pride and Prejudice: The Failure of UN Peace Brokering Efforts in Cyprus”. Accessed, May 15, 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291165851_Pride_and_Prejudice_The_Failure_of_UN_Peace_Brokering_Efforts_in_Cyprus. Commission on Narcotic Drugs and Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice “General information on draft resolutions and draft decisions”, Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CND/CND_Sessions/CND_58/Revised_note_on_draft_resolutions_and_decisions_final_website.pdf. Deputy Prime Ministry and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus "Historical Background”. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://mfa.gov.ct.tr/cyprus-negotiation-process/historical-background. Gruenberg, Justin S., “An Analysis of United Nations Security Council Resolutions: Are All Countries Treated Equally? “Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, 41 No.2, (2009): 469-501. Güzel, Mehmet Şükrü, The Doctrine of Necessity and the Thirteen Points Amendments to the Cyprus Constitution, last modified May 15, 2020, https://www.academia.edu/38979237/THE_DOCTRINE_OF_NECESSITY_AND_THE_THIRTEEN_POINTS_AMENDMENTS_TO_THE_CYPRUS_CONSTITUION. Hartwig, Matthias, “International Organizations or Institutions, Responsibility and Liability”, Oxford Public International Law. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e509, ICJ, Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo Advisory Opinion of July 2010. ILC, “Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organization”. Accessed May 15, 2020, http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/ commentaries/9_11_2011.pdf. Joyner Don, “Legal Bindingness of Security Council Resolutions Generally, and Resolution 2334 on the Israeli Settlements in Particular”, Blog of the European Journal of International Law. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.ejiltalk.org/legal-bindingness-of-security-council-resolutions-generally-and-resolution-2334-on-the-israeli-settlements-in-particular/ . Keser, Ulvi, “Bloody Christmas of 1963 in Cyprus in the Light of American Documents”, Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies, 26 (Spring 2013): 249-271. Letter dated 64/02/15 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus addressed to the President of the Security Council, S/5545. Letter dated 64/03/02 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council, S/5573. MS MUM, “Writing a Resolution”. Accessed May 15, 2020, https://asb.learning.powerschool.com/_geldc__1460539611_/msmun/cms_page/view/7826507 Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “Cyprus (Historical Overview)”. Accessed May 15, 2020. http://www.mfa.gov.tr/cyprus-_historical-overview_.en.mfa Cyprus, Security Council Official Records, 1095th Meeting, 18 February 1964, S/PV.1095. Security Council Official Records, 1099th meeting, 28 February 1964, S/PV.1099. Security Council Official Records, 1100th Meeting, 2 March 1964, S/PV.1100 Security Council Official Records, 663rd Meeting 25 March 1954, S/PV.663. Security Council Report, “Security Council Action under Chapter VII: Myths and Realities”, No.1, 2008. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/Research%20Report%20Chapter%20VII%2023%20June%2008.pdf Studynorthcyprus, “History North Cyprus”. Accessed May 15, 2020, http://www.studyinnorthcyprus.com.ng/index.php/study-in-northcyprus/history-of-north-cyprus.html. Talmon Stefan, “The constitutive Versus the Declaratory Theory of Recognition: Tertium Non Datur?”, British Yearbook of International Law, 75, No: 1, 2004, Pages 101–181, p.104. Talmon, Stefan, “The constitutive Versus the Declaratory Theory of Recognition: Tertium Non Datur?”, British Yearbook of International Law, 75, No: 1, (2004): 101–181. Talmon, Stefan, “The Duty Not to ‘Recognize as Lawful’ a Situation Created by the Illegal Use of Force or Other Serious Breaches of a Jus Cogens Obligation: An Obligation without Real Substance?”. Accessed May 15, 2020. http://users. ox.ac.uk/~sann2029/6. %20 Talmon%2099-126.pdf. The Law of International Responsibility, (Edited by James Crawford, Allain Pellet and Simon Olleson), Oxford 2010. UN, “Editing of Resolutions at the United Nations”. Accessed May15, 2020. http://www.un.org/en/ ga/second/70/editorialguidelines.pdf. United Nations Editorial Manual Online, “Resolutions and other formal decisions of United Nations organs”. Accessed May 15, 2020. http://dd.dgacm.org/editorialmanual/ed-guidelines/types_documents/res_dec_draft_edit.htm. Wisemee, “Preambulatory and Operative Clauses”. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.wisemee.com/preambulatory-and-operative-clauses/ . Year Book of the United Nations 1963, New York, UN Office of the Public Information, 1964. Year Book of the United Nations 1964, New York, UN Office of the Public Information, 1965.

The Legal Background of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; The United Nations Security Council Resolution 186

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 13 - 29, 20.06.2020

Öz

The United Nations (UN) Security Council resolution 186 adopted on 4 March 1964 was wrongly understood as the recognition of the effective control of the Greek Cypriot community on the Cyprus Republic institutions by the UN. When we analyse resolution 186, one can see that the resolution had given a binding decision on the restoration of the 1960 Constitution to the Cyprus Republic under the effective control of the Greek Cypriots (CRUGC) that is the obligation to give back the right to external self-determination of the Turkish Cypriot community in their partnership Republic. The Cyprus Republic was formed in accordance to the UN General Assembly resolution 1287 of 1958 on decolonization. The Turkish Cypriot community had used their recognized right to external self-determination by the UN General Assembly with the Greek Cypriot community by the founding of the Cyprus Republic in 1960. This recognized right to external right to self-determination of the Turkish Cypriots then had taken away in 1963 with the Thirteen Amendments to the Cyprus Constitution by the Greek Cypriot community. The obligation given to CRUGC by the resolution 186 had never fulfilled till the date the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) was founded in 1983. The Security Council decisions bind not only member states but itself as well. The UN Security Council by its resolution 541 of 1983 when considered the TRNC as legally invalid, did not make its obligation of due diligence control for the realization of the obligation given to the CRUGC by its resolution 186. Decolonization is based on the principle, “leaving no one behind” for the right of the peoples to external self-determination under Article 73 of the UN Charter. Once, the external right to self-determination is realized by decolonization, this is a jus cogens norm that is an inalienable right on which no derogation is permitted. As the Security Council did not fulfil its own responsibility for its resolution for the protection of the inalienable right to external self-determination of the Turkish Cypriot community, the Turkish Cypriot community has a legal right to form its own state under leaving no one behind principle originating from the UN Charter.

Kaynakça

  • Adams, T. W., “The First Republic of Cyprus: A Review of an Unworkable Constitution”, The Western Political Quarterly, 19, no. 3 (September 1966): 475-490. Blay, Samuel Kwaw Nyameke, “Self-Determination in Cyprus: The New Dimensions of an Old Conflict”, Australian Year Book of International Law, 10, no. 72, (1983): 67-100. Campbell-Thomson, Olgas, “Pride and Prejudice: The Failure of UN Peace Brokering Efforts in Cyprus”. Accessed, May 15, 2020. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291165851_Pride_and_Prejudice_The_Failure_of_UN_Peace_Brokering_Efforts_in_Cyprus. Commission on Narcotic Drugs and Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice “General information on draft resolutions and draft decisions”, Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.unodc.org/documents/commissions/CND/CND_Sessions/CND_58/Revised_note_on_draft_resolutions_and_decisions_final_website.pdf. Deputy Prime Ministry and Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus "Historical Background”. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://mfa.gov.ct.tr/cyprus-negotiation-process/historical-background. Gruenberg, Justin S., “An Analysis of United Nations Security Council Resolutions: Are All Countries Treated Equally? “Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, 41 No.2, (2009): 469-501. Güzel, Mehmet Şükrü, The Doctrine of Necessity and the Thirteen Points Amendments to the Cyprus Constitution, last modified May 15, 2020, https://www.academia.edu/38979237/THE_DOCTRINE_OF_NECESSITY_AND_THE_THIRTEEN_POINTS_AMENDMENTS_TO_THE_CYPRUS_CONSTITUION. Hartwig, Matthias, “International Organizations or Institutions, Responsibility and Liability”, Oxford Public International Law. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e509, ICJ, Accordance with International Law of the Unilateral Declaration of Independence in Respect of Kosovo Advisory Opinion of July 2010. ILC, “Draft Articles on the Responsibility of International Organization”. Accessed May 15, 2020, http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/ commentaries/9_11_2011.pdf. Joyner Don, “Legal Bindingness of Security Council Resolutions Generally, and Resolution 2334 on the Israeli Settlements in Particular”, Blog of the European Journal of International Law. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.ejiltalk.org/legal-bindingness-of-security-council-resolutions-generally-and-resolution-2334-on-the-israeli-settlements-in-particular/ . Keser, Ulvi, “Bloody Christmas of 1963 in Cyprus in the Light of American Documents”, Journal of Modern Turkish History Studies, 26 (Spring 2013): 249-271. Letter dated 64/02/15 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus addressed to the President of the Security Council, S/5545. Letter dated 64/03/02 from the Permanent Representative of Cyprus to the United Nations addressed to the President of the Security Council, S/5573. MS MUM, “Writing a Resolution”. Accessed May 15, 2020, https://asb.learning.powerschool.com/_geldc__1460539611_/msmun/cms_page/view/7826507 Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “Cyprus (Historical Overview)”. Accessed May 15, 2020. http://www.mfa.gov.tr/cyprus-_historical-overview_.en.mfa Cyprus, Security Council Official Records, 1095th Meeting, 18 February 1964, S/PV.1095. Security Council Official Records, 1099th meeting, 28 February 1964, S/PV.1099. Security Council Official Records, 1100th Meeting, 2 March 1964, S/PV.1100 Security Council Official Records, 663rd Meeting 25 March 1954, S/PV.663. Security Council Report, “Security Council Action under Chapter VII: Myths and Realities”, No.1, 2008. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/Research%20Report%20Chapter%20VII%2023%20June%2008.pdf Studynorthcyprus, “History North Cyprus”. Accessed May 15, 2020, http://www.studyinnorthcyprus.com.ng/index.php/study-in-northcyprus/history-of-north-cyprus.html. Talmon Stefan, “The constitutive Versus the Declaratory Theory of Recognition: Tertium Non Datur?”, British Yearbook of International Law, 75, No: 1, 2004, Pages 101–181, p.104. Talmon, Stefan, “The constitutive Versus the Declaratory Theory of Recognition: Tertium Non Datur?”, British Yearbook of International Law, 75, No: 1, (2004): 101–181. Talmon, Stefan, “The Duty Not to ‘Recognize as Lawful’ a Situation Created by the Illegal Use of Force or Other Serious Breaches of a Jus Cogens Obligation: An Obligation without Real Substance?”. Accessed May 15, 2020. http://users. ox.ac.uk/~sann2029/6. %20 Talmon%2099-126.pdf. The Law of International Responsibility, (Edited by James Crawford, Allain Pellet and Simon Olleson), Oxford 2010. UN, “Editing of Resolutions at the United Nations”. Accessed May15, 2020. http://www.un.org/en/ ga/second/70/editorialguidelines.pdf. United Nations Editorial Manual Online, “Resolutions and other formal decisions of United Nations organs”. Accessed May 15, 2020. http://dd.dgacm.org/editorialmanual/ed-guidelines/types_documents/res_dec_draft_edit.htm. Wisemee, “Preambulatory and Operative Clauses”. Accessed May 15, 2020. https://www.wisemee.com/preambulatory-and-operative-clauses/ . Year Book of the United Nations 1963, New York, UN Office of the Public Information, 1964. Year Book of the United Nations 1964, New York, UN Office of the Public Information, 1965.
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mehmet Şükrü Güzel Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-4179-3102

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 18 Mayıs 2020
Kabul Tarihi 27 Mayıs 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Chicago Güzel, Mehmet Şükrü. “The Legal Background of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus; The United Nations Security Council Resolution 186”. Journal of Anglo-Turkish Relations 1, sy. 2 (Haziran 2020): 13-29.

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