İnfantil Kolik

Öz

Wessel ve ark. tarafından üç haftadan fazla, haftada en az üç gün, günde üç saati aşan huzursuzluk ve ağlama nöbet- leri olarak tanımlanan kolikum infantum doğumu izleyen, ilk üç ayda çok sık rastlanan bir yakınmadır. Kolikum infantumu açıklamaya yönelik çeşitli teoriler öne sürül- müştür, ancak, etiyoloji kesin aydınlatılamamıştır. Ayırıcı tanıda infeksiyonlar, gastrointestinal sorunlar, travma, beslenme, ilaç reaksiyonu, nörolojik nedenler ve kardiyo- vasküler nedenler düşünülmelidir. Kolikum infantumun etkili bir tedavisi yoktur. Ağlamaya erken yanıt, aşırı uya- rıdan kaçınma, hafif yatıştırıcı hareketler, emzik kullanımı, kanguru kullanımı ve bebeğin yanında elektrik süpürgesi çalıştırma gibi uygulamalar infantil koliği azaltmada yara- rı olabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İnfantil kolik,aşırı ağlama,sütçocuğu

Infantile Colic

Öz

Colicum infantum which is described by Wessel et al, is a frequently encountered complaint which can be seen in infants within the first three months after delivery and is characterized by excessive uneasiness and crying episodes which may continue more than 3 weeks and at least 3 days in a week. There are several theories related with the exp- lanation of colicum infantum, but the etiology of the condi- tion is not definitely clarified. Infections, gastrointestinal problems, trauma, nutritional deficits, drug reaction, neu- rological problems and cardiovascular disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis. There is no effecti- ve treatment for colicum infantum. However, early respon- se to crying episodes, avoiding excessive stimuli, slight caressing movements, sucking a pacifier, using a baby kangaroo and running a vacuum cleaner nearby the infant may help to decrease colicum infantum

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Colicum infantum,excessive crying,infant

Kaynakça

1. 1. Wessel MA, Cobb JC, Jackson EB, Harris GS Jr, Detwiller AC. Paroxysmal fussing in infancy, sometimes called colic. Pediatrics 1954; 14:421-35.
2. 2. Clifford TJ, Campbell MK, Speechley KN, Gorodzinsky F. Sequelae of infant colic: evidence of transient infant distress and absence of lasting effects on maternal mental health. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002; 156:1183-8.
3. 3. Lucassen PL, Assendelft WJ, van Eijk JT, Gubbels JW, Douwes AC, van Geldrop WJ. Systematic review of the occurence of infantil colic in the community. Arch Dis Child 2001; 84:398-403.
4. 4. Gökçay G. Çok ağlayan bebeğe yaklaşım. Çocuk Dergisi 2001; 1:128-30.
5. 5. Roberts DM, Ostapchuk M, O’Brien JG. Infantil colic. Am Fam Physician 2004; 70:735-40.
6. 6. Eisenberg A, Murkoff HE, Hathaway SE. Çeviri: Tunalı D. Bebeğinizin ilk yılında sizi neler bekler? Epsilon Yayıncılık. İstanbul, 2. baskı 1998. 113-20.
7. 7. Pankaj G. Infantil colic-Unfolded. Ind J Pediatr 2004; 71:903-6.
8. 8. Gupta SK. Is colic a gastrointestinal disorder? Curr Opin Pediatr 2002; 14:588-92.

9. 9. Barr RG. Colic and crying syndromes in infants. Pediatrics 1998; 102(5 suppl E):1282-6.
10. 10. Carey WB. Colic-primary excessive crying as an infantenvironment interaction. Pediatr Clin North Am 1984; 31:993.
11. 11. White BP, Gunnar MR, Larson MC, Donzella B, Barr RG. Behovioral and physiological responsivity, sleep and patterns of daiy cortisol production in infants with and without colic. Child Dev 2000; 71:862-77.
12. 12. Rautava P, Helenius H, Lehtonen L. Psychosocial predisposing factors for infantil colic.BMJ 1993; 307:600-4.
13. 13. Clifford TJ, Campbell MK, Speechley KN, Gorodzinsky F. Infant colic: empirical evidence of the absence of an association with source of early infant nutrition. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2002; 156:1123-8.
14. 14. Saavedra MA, Dacosta JS, Garcias G, Horta BL, Tomasi E, Mendoca R. Infantil colic incidence and associated risk factors: a cohort study. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2003; 79:115-22.
15. 15. Canivet CA, Ostergren PO, Rosen AS, Jakobsson IL, Hagender BM. Infantile colic and the role of trait anxiety during pregnancy in relation to psychosocial and socioeconomic factors. Scand J Public Health 2005; 33:26-34.
16. 16. Akman I, Kuscu K, Ozdemir N, et al. Mother’s postpartum psychological adjustment and infantile colic. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91:417-9.
17. 17. Kirjavainen J, Jahnukainen T, Huktala V, et al. The balance of autonomic nervous system is normal in colicy infants. Acta Pediatr 2001; 90:250-4.
18. 18. Lehtonen L, Svedstrom E, Korvenranta H. Gallbladder hypocontractility in infantil colic. Acta Pediatr 1994; 83:1174-7.
19. 19. Kurtoglu S, Uzum K, Hallac IK, Coskum A. 5- hydroxy-3- indole acetic acid levels in infantie colic: Is serotoninergic tonus responsible for the problem? Acta Pediatr 1997; 86:764- 73.
20. 20. Reijneweld SA, Brugman E, Hirasing RA. Infantile colic: Maternal smoking as a potential factor. Arch Dis Child 2000; 83:302-3.
21. 21. Reijneveld SA, Lanting CI, Crone MR, Van Wouwe JP. Exposure to obacco smoke and infant crying. Acta Paediatr 2005; 94:217-21.
22. 22. Sondergaard C, Henriksen TB, Obel C, Wisborg K. Smoking during pregnancy and infantile colic. Pediatrics 2001; 108:342-6.
23. 23. Sondergaard C, Skajaa E, Henriksen TB. Fetal growth and infantile colic. Arch Dis hild Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2000; 83:F44-7.
24. 24. Lothe L, Lindberg T. Cow’s milk whey protein elicits symptoms of infantile colic in colicy formula-fed infants: A double-blind cross over study. Pediatrics 1989; 83:262.
25. 25. Buchanan P. Effectiveness of treatment for infantile colic. Trial of hypo allergenic milk is not supported by strong enough evidence. BMJ 1998; 317:1451-2.
26. 26. Hill DJ, Hosking CS. Infantile colic and food hypersensitivity. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2000; 30(suppl):S67-76.
27. 27. Lothe L, Ivasson SA, Ekman R, Lindberg T. Motilin and infantile colic: A prospective study. Acta Pediatr Scand 1990; 79:410-6.
28. 28. Hyams J, Geerstama M, Etienne N, Treem W. Colonic hydrogen production in infants with colic. J Pediatr 1989; 115:592.
29. 29. Infantile colic: sole manifestation of GER. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1997; 24:213-3.
30. 30. Morris S, James-Roberts IS, Sleep J, Gillham P. Economic evaluation of strategies for managing crying and sleeping problems. Arch Dis Child 2001; 84:15-19.
31. 31. Garrison MM, Christakis DA. A systematic review of treatments for infant colic. Pediatrics 2000; 106:184-90.
32. 32. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on nutrition. Soy protein- based formulas: recommendations for use in infant feeding. Pediatrics 2000; 106(1pt1):149-53.
33. 33. Savino F, Palumeri E, Castagno E, et al. Reduction of crying episodes owing to infantile colic: a randomized controlled study on the efficacy of a new infant formula. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 60:1304-10. Epub 2006 May 31.
34. 34. Savino F, Cresi F, Castagno E, Silvestro L, Oggero R. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of a standardized extract of Matricariae recutita, Foeniculum vulgare and Melissa officinalis (Coli Mil) in the treatment of breastfed colicy infants. Phytother Res 2005; 19:335-40.
35. 35. Weizman Z, Allkrinawi S, Goldfarb D, Bitran C. Effiacy of herbal tea prepation in infantil colic. J Pediatr 1993; 122:650- 52.
36. 36. Alexandrovich I, Rakovitskaya O, Kolmo E, Sidorova T, Shushunov S. The effect of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare)seed emulsion in infantie colic; a randomized, placebo – controled study. Altern Ther Health Med 2003; 9:58-61.
37. 37. Lucassen PL, Assendelft WJ, Gubbels JW, van Eijk JT, van Geldrop WJ, Neven AK. Effetiveness of treatment for infantile colic: systematic review (published erratum appears in BMJ 1998; 317:171) BMJ 1998; 316:1563-9.
38. 38. Savino F, Brondello C, Cresi F, Oggero R, Silvestro L. Cimetropium bromide in the treatment of crisis in infantile colic. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2002; 34:417-9.
39. 39. Metcalf TJ, Irons TG, Sher LD, Young PC. Simethicone in the treatment of infant colic: A randomized placebo controlled, multicenter trial. Pediatrics 1994; 94:29-34.
40. 40. Olafsdoltir E, Forshei S, Fluge G, Markestad T. Randomised controlled trial of infantle colic treated with chiropractic spinal manipulation. Arch Dis Child 2001; 84:138-41.
41. 41. Hughes S, Bolton J. Is chiropractic an effective treatment in infantile colic? Arch Dis Child 2002; 86:32-4.
42. 42. Croteau CA, Wright ST, Eglash A. Clinical inquiries. What is the best treatment for infants with colic? J Fam Pract 2006; 55:634-6.
43. 43. Sloman J, Bellinger DC, Krentzel CP. Infantie colic and transient developmental lag in the first year of life. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 1990; 21:25-36.
44. 44. Kirjavainen J, Kirjavainen T, Huktala V, Lehtonen L. Infants with colic have a normal sleep pattern a 2& 7 months of age. J Pediatr 2001; 138:218-23.
45. 45. Castro-Rodriguez JA, Stern DA, Halonen M, et al. Relation between infantle colic ans asthma/atopy: a prospective study in an selected population. Pediatrics 2001; 108:878-82.
46. 46. Savino F, Castagno E, Bretto R, Brondello C, Palumeri E, Oggero R. A prospective 10-year study on children who had severe infantile colic. Acta Ped 2005; 94:129-32.
47. 47. Rao MR, Brenner RA, Schisterman EF, Vik T, Mills JL. Long term cognitive development in children with prolonged crying. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89:989-92.