A Study on Fungal Allergen Sensitization Rates Among Children with Allergic Rhinitis in the Southern Marmara Region

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of fungal allergen sensitivities and the factors associated with fungal allergen sensitivities in children with allergic rhinitis. Method: 331 children aged 2-18 years who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and had sensitivity to at least one inhalant allergen in skin prick tests were prospectively included in the study. The skin prick test was performed with standard allergen solutions. Results: 62.5% of the patients with allergic rhinitis were boys and 37.5% were girls, and the onset of symptoms was 6.77±4.06 years old. Mite sensitivity (68.8%) was the most common in children with allergic rhinitis, followed by grass pollen sensitivity (48.9%). Sensitivity to at least one fungal allergen was detected at a rate of 10.6% (n=35), the most common among this group being Alternaria alternata (88.5%). The age of onset of allergic rhinitis symptoms was found to be significantly earlier in the group with fungal allergen sensitivity compared to the group without fungal allergen sensitivity (5.23±3.44 years/6.95±4.09 years, respectively, p=0.019). For the presence of sensitivity to fungal allergens; Corylus avellena sensitivity or dog allergen sensitivity were found to be significant risk factors. In terms of additional asthma in patients with allergic rhinitis; Dermatophagoides farinae sensitivity or presence of cockroach sensitivity were found to be significant risk factors. Conclusion: Sensitivity to fungal allergens is observed at a remarkable rate in children with allergic rhinitis. Most of the sensitivity to fungal allergens is Alternaria alternata sensitivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Allergic rhinitis
• child
• fungus
• fungal sensitivity
• allergen
• sensitivity

Güney Marmara Bölgesindeki Alerjik Rinitli Çocuklarda Mantar Alerjenlerine Duyarlılık Oranlarının Araştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Alerjik rinit tanılı çocuklarda, mantar alerjen duyarlılıkları görülme sıklığını ve mantar alerjen duyarlılıkları ile ilişkili faktörlerin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Alerjik rinit tanılı ve deri prik testlerinde en az bir inha- lan alerjene karşı duyarlılık saptanmış olan, 2-18 yaşlarında 331 çocuk olgu prospektif olarak çalışmaya alındı. Hastalara standart alerjen solusyonları ile deri prik testi yapıldı. Bulgular: Alerjik rinitli olguların %62,5’i erkek ve %37,5’i kız, semptomların başlangıç zamanı 6,77±4,06 yaş olarak saptandı. Alerjik rinitli çocuklarda en sık akar duyarlılığı (%68,8), ikinci sırada ise çimen polen duyarlılığı (%48,9) tespit edildi. En az bir mantar alerjenine karşı duyarlılık %10,6 (n=35) oranında saptandı, bu grup içinde en sık Alternaria alternata (%88,5) duyarlılığı saptandı. Mantar alerjeni duyarlılığı olan grupta mantar alerjeni duyarlılığı saptanmayan gruba göre alerjik rinit semptomlarının başlama yaşı anlamlı olarak daha erken saptandı (sırasıyla 5,23±3,44 yaş/6,95±4,09 yaş, p=0,019). Mantar alerjenleri duyarlılığı varlığı için; Corylus avellena duyarlılığının veya köpek alerjen duyarlılığının anlamlı risk faktörleri olduğu saptandı. Alerjik rinitli hastalarda ek olarak astım görülmesi açısından; Dermatofagoides farinae duyarlılığı veya hamam böceği duyarlılığı varlığının anlamlı risk faktörleri olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: Alerjik rinitli çocuklarda mantar alerjenlerine karşı duyarlılık, dikkate değer bir oranda görülmektedir. Mantar alerjenlerine duyarlılığın büyük kısmını Alternaria alternata duyarlılığı oluşturmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Alerjik rinit
• alerjen
• çocuk
• duyarlılık
• mantar
• mantar duyarlılığı

Kaynakça

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